Detailed entries (36)
Spitz and Fisher's forensic pathology reference text was cited for Langer's lines and wound gaping, wound approximation, acid-phosphatase values, stomach-emptying times, and photographs of fingernail gouges. Materials drawn from the text included People's 337, People's 338, and a photograph labeled Plaintiffs' 1973.
Official U.S. Weather Service records for Los Angeles Airport covering the evening of June 12 through the morning of June 13, 1994, reporting temperatures of 63–66°F and dew-point data. Introduced as Defense 1280, the records were later used by Barry Scheck to argue that wet grass at Rockingham resulted from sprinklers rather than dew and to support his blood-tracking theory.
Dr. Bruce Weir's curriculum vitae, introduced and admitted as Plaintiffs' 435 during his civil-trial examination and subsequently referenced for its listings of a 1996 publication and the publication date of his book.
Labor and Epstein's publication on blood drying times under different temperature and humidity conditions, reporting single-drop drying times on cotton cloth ranging from 55–330 minutes (50–55 minutes under normal conditions, approximately 350 minutes in cold/damp conditions). Referenced in MacDonell's book and introduced as a standalone exhibit.
Defense 1222, a list of hair-examination terms derived from an FBI handbook and used during Douglas Deedrick's cross-examination. Marcia Clark objected that it was not an exact reproduction of the handbook; a later admissibility record states that it was withdrawn by the People after review.
LaMoyne Snyder's Homicide Investigation, identified in one row as the 1953 seventh printing edition and used in discussion of time-of-death estimation and crime-scene preservation. The publication was identified as Defendant's 1052.
Article co-authored by Herbert MacDonell and Kish, titled 'Absence of Evidence Is Not Evidence of Absence,' presented at conferences and unpublished at time of trial. Addresses blood spatter and the principle that an assailant may not always be blood-stained, cited by Clark to establish MacDonell's own principle that blood absence on a defendant is not exculpatory.
Eight-page article by Dr. William Thompson and Dr. Simon Ford titled 'The Meaning of a Match,' critical of forensic DNA typing methods and referencing the CACLD study. Marked as Defense 1184 but ultimately withdrawn by the defense.
Golding and Kokot's article on thin layer chromatographic solvents, marked as Defense 1223 and ultimately withdrawn by the defense.
A 1989 article in the Journal of Forensic Science on thin layer chromatography, introduced by the defense as a learned treatise and marked as Defense 1233.
Monograph on DNA evidence collection and preservation co-authored by Lee, Gaensslen, and FBI Academy personnel Bigby and Courney; the source states that it was later published in two journals. It was shown to Lee and nearly marked under the tentative identifier 1337 (tentative), then held for later.
Letter from Professor Weir to Dr. Speed soliciting peer-review comments on a statistical article, bearing Speed's written annotations and numbered comments. Speed introduced and identified it as People's 577.
Curriculum vitae of Dr. Bruce Weir, introduced and admitted without objection during his direct examination.
Curriculum vitae of Dr. Robin Cotton, introduced and received into evidence as Plaintiffs' 2179.
Neill Freeman's curriculum vitae, marked and introduced to establish his expert qualifications.
Curriculum vitae of Gary Alan Sims, marked for identification as Plaintiffs' Exhibit 2186.
Dr. Terry Lee's curriculum vitae, introduced and discussed as Plaintiffs' Exhibit 2403 and described as listing 129 published articles.
Book co-written by Faye Resnick and Mike Walker, marked as Plaintiffs’ Exhibit 78 and used during Resnick’s deposition as a reference for pseudonyms.
Book co-written by Faye Resnick and Jeanne V. Bell and marked for identification as Plaintiffs’ Exhibit 79.
The forensic-science textbook by De Forest, Gaensslen, and Lee, cited during testimony concerning bloodstain collection, preservation, and packaging at pages 244–245; investigator responsibility at pages 415–416; crime-scene documentation; and pencil use in field sketches. Witnesses disputed the application of its wet-garment guidance to transported swatches and stains made wet during collection.
Barry Fisher's crime-scene investigation textbook, identified in one citation as the fifth edition, was referenced for bloodstain collection and preservation, investigative thoroughness, air-drying biological evidence, daylight examination of outdoor scenes, and varying coroner-notification practices. Counsel used its passages while questioning Dennis Fung, Gregory Matheson, and Larry Ragle.
An article attributed to Grunbaum, Zajac, and Crim addressed reliability and degradation in erythrocyte acid phosphatase phenotyping using simulated crime-scene stains. Matheson discussed its distinction from controlled laboratory studies, said it did not specify which BA bands disappear first, and referred to a mistyped BA sample with distinct band patterns.
Comey and Budowle's November 1991 Journal of Forensic Sciences paper on validation of HLA DQ-Alpha PCR analysis, including environmental, degradation, sample-handling, and contamination studies. Trial witnesses and counsel disputed the applicability and adequacy of particular contamination findings, including experiments involving coughing, physically contacting stains, and a limited number of tubes.
Wraxall and Emes's peer-reviewed article 'Erythro Acid Phosphatase and Bloodstains,' studying EAP degradation pathways using dried laboratory stains, including documentation of the BA-to-B degradation route in which the cathodal band disappears last. Disputed at trial for its applicability to crime-scene versus controlled laboratory conditions.
Yeshion's technical note concerned thermal degradation of EAP isoenzymes and was described as addressing a B-to-CB phenomenon rather than BA-to-B degradation. Matheson distinguished its reported pathway from degradation resulting in two B bands.
Bernard Knight's 'Forensic Pathology' (1991) and 'Simpson's Forensic Medicine, 10th edition' (1991). Page 74 of Knight's text discusses the inability to assume or measure initial body temperature in retrospect; additional passages note the dubious value of stomach emptying time estimates and cite Modi and Adelson on digestion times, with the caveat that estimates require sudden unexpected death to be valid.
Ed Blake and coauthors' 1992 casework paper on PCR amplification and HLA DQ-Alpha oligonucleotide typing of biological-evidence samples. It was referenced concerning forensic versus clinical samples, cross-hybridization, and PCR inhibition; Dr. John Gerdes criticized it as one-sided because of contested cases he said it omitted.
Chapter 17 of 'PCR Technology,' edited by Henry Erlich, is identified as a chapter by von Beroldingen, Blake, Higuchi, Sensabaugh, and Erlich on applications of PCR to biological evidence. Sims cited pages 215–216 as authority concerning contamination safeguards and redundant analysis.
Richard Saferstein's fourth-edition textbook was cited for biological-stain collection and a passage used to challenge packaging bloodstains in plastic or airtight containers. Fung testified that he understood plastic could be used as intermediate transport packaging but not as final packaging, and he was also questioned about wet-stain protocols.
Sensabaugh chapter in the Saferstein-edited Forensic Science Handbook discussed for EAP degradation pathways, including the anodal-B-last and BA-to-B patterns, and for wet/dry thresholds and water content of dried blood.
Sensabaugh's article was discussed as EAP literature and cited as a source for defense exhibit captions. Sims said Sensabaugh knew more about EAP than almost anyone and that he could not recall seeing the specified BA-to-two-banded-B degradation pattern in Sensabaugh's published articles.
Bruce Weir's 1990 textbook 'Genetic Data Analysis,' described as having a gray cover, was displayed during his criminal-trial testimony. In the civil trial, a chapter on mixture analysis was used in cross-examination and displayed to the jury; its publication date was disputed as 1996 versus Blasier's assertion of 1990.
FBI study by Dr. Bruce Budowle on contamination controls in PCR testing, cited to establish contamination risks in forensic PCR analysis and to evaluate item 42 as a valid environmental control.
1991 peer-reviewed paper by Evett (and Stoney) describing the statistical methodology for DNA mixture analysis that Dr. Bruce Weir cited as his methodological basis. Noted by the defense as post-dating the NRC report and not cited therein.
An article identified in the source as by E.N. Evett and published in England addressed likelihood ratios. The prosecution cited it as scientific support, while Thompson challenged that use by asserting that Evett did not advocate presenting statistical DNA evidence to juries.
John Hicks's 'Microscopy of Hair,' published by the FBI in 1977. Referenced to show that hair examination methodology has not materially advanced since publication, and for its enumeration of three permissible conclusions for hair examiners; the word 'match' appears once in context of rape victim clothing examination.
Additional references (40)
Brief references from transcripts that don't warrant an individual page. Each has a single source or is mentioned only in passing.
- Adelson forensic pathology textbook — Adelson's forensic pathology textbook was discussed at page 182 and used to refresh Dr. Lakshmanan's memory. The cited passage gave stomach-emptying estimates of 1.5–2 hours for a light meal, 3–4 hours for a medium meal, and 4–6 hours for a heavy meal.
- Atlas of Legal Medicine (Baden, ed.) — A Japanese/US publication edited by Michael Baden, with chapters on sharp-force and blunt-force injuries. Baden cited it in response to questions about his publication record, while Medvene did not concede that it qualified.
- Blake article on phenolphthalein and microorganisms — An article by Blake addresses phenolphthalein and microorganisms in wet environments. Neufeld cited it to argue that presumptive blood-test positives from drains were unreliable.
- Budowle and Allen, 'Electrophoresis Reliability, The Contaminant Issue' — Budowle and Allen's article 'Electrophoresis Reliability, The Contaminant Issue,' page 1546, cited at trial to support use of a victim blood pool as a natural control study in electrophoresis-based serology.
- Cardozo Law Review article on DNA testimony misrepresentation — An article in the Cardozo Law Review was cited in footnote 12 of a defense brief as alleging that Marcia Clark had misrepresented DNA testimony in a prior case. Harmon disputed the point; Thompson defended his authorship of the footnote and offered to submit the full transcript to the court.
- Detroit News Article Quoting Dr. Werner Spitz, October 17, 1994 — Detroit News article dated October 17, 1994, quoting Dr. Werner Spitz about forensic pathologists and the Simpson case; used for impeachment, with Spitz unable to confirm or deny the quoted statement.
- Dr. Henion report from the Sconce matter — A report by Dr. Henion from the Sconce matter whose introductory paragraph reportedly addressed whether its findings bore on what was present at death. Blasier's attempt to have Dr. Rieders read from it was blocked by a hearsay objection, although Rieders described material on which he relied.
- FBI Article on D1S80 Statistical Independence — FBI article concerning statistical independence of D1S80 marker data and product-rule multiplication across PCR marker systems, produced by Harmon during an expert-qualification hearing for the court's consideration.
- FBI Crime Classification Manual — The FBI Crime Classification Manual, used by Dr. Park Dietz to cross-check his independent crime-scene findings against the category of 'spontaneous domestic homicide.'
- FBI Forensic Science Research and Training Center report (1982) on hair — A 1982 FBI Forensic Science Research and Training Center report containing quoted language about a 'duplicate hair criterium for a match.' The prosecution cited it in argument concerning hair-examination terminology.
- Fildes and Reynolds — Amplitype PM Field Trial Results — Fildes and Reynolds's paper, “Consistency and reproducibility of amplitype PM results between seven laboratories: Field trial results,” which Dr. Gerdes characterized as a demonstration paper.
- Forensic pathology references reviewed by Dr. Lakshmanan — Reference works identified as sources reviewed for Dr. Lakshmanan's time-of-death opinion: Spitz and Fischer's Medical Legal Investigation of Death, third edition (1993); Lester Adelson's The Pathology of Homicide (1974); Gradwohl's Legal Medicine; and Curran et al.'s Modern Legal Medicine.
- Forensic Sciences International fiber comparison papers (Wilk/Fong/Enami; Bisbing/Wollner) — Scientific publications in Forensic Sciences International by Wilk/Fong/Enami and Bisbing/Wollner on fiber comparison methodology, cited by prosecution to demonstrate accepted use of the terms 'match' and 'matching fibers' in the fiber comparison literature.
- Genetica special issue 'Human Identification' (Weir, ed.) — Special issue of Genetica titled 'Human Identification,' edited by Weir. The source identifies it as published the prior week and records that it was displayed and described as a forthcoming book.
- Gerdes 1995 Promega conference presentation or article — Gerdes's presentation or article from the 1995 Promega conference discussing this case. Lambert attempted to introduce it during the civil trial, but the transcript ends during the ruling on a hearsay objection.
- Gerdes Federal Grant Proposal — Page 31 — Page 31 of Gerdes's federal grant proposal, containing a statement that most of “our testing” could be described as home-brewed rather than using commercial kits; Clarke quoted it to impeach Gerdes's testimony about kit usage.
- Goodman and Gilman's 'Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics' — The textbook Goodman and Gilman's 'Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics' was cited during Roger Martz's examination to support the proposition that 5% of EDTA from food is absorbed into the bloodstream.
- Herrin, Fildes, and Reynolds — Evaluation of the Amplitype PM System — Herrin, Fildes, and Reynolds's paper, “Evaluation of the amplitype PM DNA test system on forensic case samples,” discussed with Dr. Gerdes, who noted one false match among 16 samples and characterized it as a demonstration paper.
- Higuchi et al., 'DNA typing from single hairs' — Paper by Russell Higuchi and colleagues on DNA typing from single hairs. Discussed during Dr. Gerdes's testimony; Gerdes characterized it as a demonstration paper not addressing routine forensic application.
- Homicide Book, Page 368 — Page 368 of a homicide book referenced by Robert Shapiro while setting up his cross-examination of Stewart Tanner; it was not formally introduced.
- Imwinkelried, treatise on scientific evidence — Professor Imwinkelried's treatise on scientific evidence, page 532, discusses phenolphthalein admissibility and cites Coleman. Goldberg submitted the passage, and Ito invoked it during the dispute over bleach-related false positives.
- Jacqueline Campbell, 'Prediction of Homicide of and by Battered Women' — Article by Jacqueline Campbell titled 'Prediction of Homicide of and by Battered Women,' cited as an authoritative treatise on spousal homicide risk factors. Dr. Dutton distanced himself slightly from it, calling it 'one study of many' and 'not one of the better empirical studies.'
- Joseph Bosco's Book “Blood Will Tell” — Joseph Bosco's book “Blood Will Tell,” written with involvement by Dr. Henry Lee and discussed to establish Bosco's credibility and connection to Lee.
- Kathryn Roeder Likelihood-Ratio Article and Commentaries — Kathryn Roeder's article and a related series of articles and commentaries addressing problems with likelihood ratios, including commentaries described by William Shields as critical of the approach.
- Koehler, Jurimetrics article on DNA evidence errors — Koehler's article in the journal Jurimetrics examining errors and exaggerations in DNA evidence presentation, including a mock jury study on the misleading effect of gene frequency statistics without accompanying laboratory error rates.
- LAPD reference books on race-specific DNA frequency data — Reference books in the LAPD laboratory containing race-specific frequency data from other laboratories. Matheson mentioned them but said they were not used in this case.
- MacDonell bloodstain pattern interpretation book (3rd ed.) — Herbert MacDonell's book on bloodstain pattern interpretation, 3rd edition. Page 62 contains a passage describing medium-velocity spatter as being 'below the resolution of the average juror's eyesight,' introduced by Marcia Clark to establish that blood spatter on dark clothing is difficult to see.
- National Research Council Report on PCR/DQ-Alpha Reliability — National Research Council report on PCR/DQ-Alpha testing reliability cited by the defense during the DNA testimony admissibility hearing.
- Ontario/Kellerman spousal homicide studies — Two social-science studies were cited together in oral argument through demonstrative graphics: a 1992 Ontario study and a 1993 Kellerman article in the New England Journal of Medicine, both concerning patterns of spousal killing.
- Playboy Magazine Featuring Tracy Adell — Playboy magazine featuring Tracy Adell, which Kaelin said he retrieved from a San Vicente market on June 11 at O.J. Simpson’s request.
- Professor MacDonell CV and July 11 Wet-Transfer Report — Professor MacDonell's CV and July 11 report describing wet-transfer staining on the sock interior, cited by Peter Neufeld in support of admissibility.
- Ragle 1979 chapter in 'Principles of Investigation' — Ragle's 1979 chapter in 'Principles of Investigation' on blood-sample collection, used by Goldberg to impeach Ragle's testimony about how much of a bloodstain should be collected.
- Rheumatoid arthritis textbook (Harris chapter, pp. 876–877) — Textbook pages on rheumatoid arthritis, including page 215 and pages 876–877 of a chapter by Dr. Edward D. Harris Jr., provided by Dr. Huizenga to the prosecution and referenced as materials he relied upon, used to introduce Dr. Harris as a credentialing counterpoint.
- Roy and Reynolds — Amplitype PM and HLA DQ-Alpha Typing — Roy and Reynolds's paper, “Amplitype PM and HLA DQ-Alpha typing from pap smear, semen smear and postcoital slides,” shown to Dr. Gerdes, who stated that he had not seen it.
- Sensabaugh and Blake chapter on contamination controls — Sensabaugh and Blake chapter in volume 3 of the Saferstein Forensic Science Handbook, pages 441–442, relied upon in a discussion of contamination controls.
- Sports medicine publication on boxing and knuckle injuries — Sports medicine publication on boxing injuries, reviewed by Dr. Lakshmanan in forming his opinion on the expected degree of knuckle injuries that would result from delivering a punch, cited as the basis for expert opinion.
- Unidentified forensic publication, page 29 — An unidentified forensic publication quoted at page 29 for the proposition that establishing the exact hour and minute of death is usually impossible.
- Unspecified EAP reference book consulted by Matheson — Unspecified book on EAP consulted by Matheson before his testimony. Its existence was acknowledged without substantive discussion, and Goldberg noted that it had not been raised on cross-examination.
- Weir (1992) paper on FBI population database sources — Weir's 1992 published paper citing Budowle and describing FBI database sources, including blood donors from Miami, Texas, and California. The paper was discussed during Weir's testimony.
- Wickenheiser and Hepworth (1989) hair examination study — Wickenheiser and Hepworth's 1989 study published in the Journal of Forensic Science, involving independent examination of over 900 hairs. Defense challenged Douglas Deedrick on this study, noting he could not recall it despite claiming to read the journal regularly.