📄 Deposition of Gary Siglar — Friday, January 10, 1997
Address:
C:\DEPT103\CIVIL\1997\JAN\10\DEPOSITION-OF-GARY-SIGLAR.DOC
TRIAL
▲ Day 39 of 57

Deposition of Gary Siglar

Examiner: Robert Baker
Date: Friday, January 10, 1997 • Utterances: 376
Gary Siglar, a supervising criminalist with the LA County Coroner's office, testified via deposition about two significant procedural irregularities in the Simpson-Goldman case: no coroner criminalist responded to what he called a 'fairly complex' double homicide scene, and he personally released EDTA typing blood samples for both victims directly to Detective Vannatter on June 15, 1994 — something he had never personally done before and acknowledged was 'uncommon.' The defense used his testimony to highlight chain-of-custody anomalies and the ten-hour delay in taking liver temperature readings.
1 A:

No, I'm not suggesting that.

2 MR. MEDVENE:

There's nothing further now. (Tape is halted.)

3 MR. LEONARD:

A brief reading, Your Honor. Your Honor, this is the deposition of Gary Siglar taken on May 14, 1996, May 21 and May 23 of 1996, by me. Page 4, line 1. (Reading:) (Reading of deposition of Gary Siglar, questions being read by Mr. Leonard and answers being read by Mr. P. Baker.)

4 Q:

Would you state your name for the record, spelling your last name, please.

5 A:

It's Gary, middle initial L, Siglar, S-i-g-l-a-r.

6 Q:

Where are you presently employed?

7 A:

Los Angeles County Department of Coroner.

8 Q:

What is your present position there?

9 A:

I'm a supervising criminalist II, Roman numeral—number II.

10 Q:

How long have you held that position including that designation?

11 A:

Well, I've held the designation since about 1980 when I was employed with the sheriff's department.

12 Q:

Okay.

13 A:

And I've been with the—I was chief of the laboratories division when I came to the coroner's office in 1982, and now my current position is the one I held at the sheriff's department.

14 Q:

Let's go back through that in a little bit more detail. When did you join the coroner's office?

15 A:

May of 1982.

16 Q:

When you first joined the coroner's office what was your position?

17 A:

Chief of forensic laboratories.

18 Q:

What was your next position after that, and if you can, give me a date?

19 A:

Forensic science consultant was the next position, and—let's see.

20 Q:

As best you can recollect?

21 A:

I think I was in that position up until about three years ago and I held that position for about three years, so it would be six years ago, up until three years ago.

22 Q:

So you held the position from 1982 until approximately what—

23 A:

No.

24 Q:

I am going to let you do the math.

25 A:

No, 1982, when I came over, I was chief of forensic laboratory.

26 Q:

Until?

27 A:

I became forensic science consultant about six years ago. So that would be about 1990.

28 Q:

Okay.

29 A:

Through 1993.

30 Q:

In 1993, what was your position?

31 A:

Supervising criminalist 2.

32 Q:

Now, you say that prior to joining the coroner's office, you worked for the sheriff's—

33 A:

Yes.

34 Q:

-- department?

35 A:

Yes.

36 Q:

When did you first start working for the sheriff's department?

37 A:

November of 1970.

38 Q:

What was your first position there?

39 A:

Criminalist.

40 Q:

Any designation?

41 A:

No.

42 Q:

Criminalist?

43 A:

I believe at the time it was known as criminalist 1. Now called criminalist. But it was criminalist 1.

44 Q:

In general terms, what were your duties and responsibilities?

45 A:

I worked in all sections of the laboratory, blood alcohol testing section, the physical evidence, trace evidence section, narcotics analysis section. There is another section, I'm leaving one out—oh, the serology section.

46 Q:

Again, in general terms, what did you do in those sections?

47 A:

I did analytical work and corresponding courtroom testimony on my findings.

48 Q:

Prior to joining the sheriff's department in November of 1970, had you ever worked as a criminalist?

49 A:

No.

50 MR. LEONARD:

Over to page 122, line 5, still from the first volume.

MR. P. BAKER: Okay.

51 (Reading:)
52 Q:

Focusing just for a minute on the Simpson-Goldman case, was there a criminalist response team involved in that case?

53 A:

No criminalist responded on that case.

54 Q:

And just so the record is clear, that's from the coroner's office criminalist response team.

55 Q:

Ratcliffe responded?

56 A:

Correct.

57 Q:

And another gentleman by the name of John Jacoby?

58 A:

John Jacoby.

59 Q:

Who are they?

60 A:

John Jacoby is one of the police. He's the gentleman that releases evidence to the crime labs.

61 Q:

So he was under your control?

62 A:

Yes.

63 Q:

Okay.

64 A:

Wait a minute. No, he wasn't assigned to me at that time, I don't believe. I believe it was after that. Yes, it was after that. No. At that time, he was working in the morgue management section.

65 Q:

And what was his exact job title, if you know?

66 A:

Student worker.

67 Q:

Now he works for you?

68 A:

Yes.

69 Q:

What is his job title now?

70 A:

The same.

71 Q:

He's still a student worker?

72 A:

Yes.

73 Q:

Do you have any idea how long he had been working for the coroner's office prior to June 12, 1994?

74 A:

I mean, it's a hunch. I think it's around—possibly around a year.

75 Q:

When you—that's a guess, you say?

76 A:

That's a guess.

77 Q:

With regard to Ratcliffe, what was your job title on June 12, 1994, if you know?

78 A:

Coroner's investigator 2.

79 Q:

Was she a criminalist?

80 A:

No.

81 Q:

Explain to me the difference between a criminalist and a coroner's investigator.

82 A:

A coroner's investigator is a person that has some college education, but a degree isn't required. But they investigate the circumstances of the scene, and act as the eyes and ears of a doctor, because we can't afford to send doctors out on every crime scene, and so they act on their behalf. And they may seal a house for the next of kin; they examine the body and may bring in personal property. And they supervise the coroner's aspects at a scene. Doesn't have to be a homicide, any scene. A criminalist is trained in the natural sciences and is taught to apply the natural sciences to the identification and comparison of physical evidence.

83 Q:

As of June 12, 1994, did coroner's investigators have any responsibilities for the collection of physical evidence at crime scenes?

84 A:

They're qualified to collect some physical evidence at crime scenes, not all.

85 Q:

How about a student working, such as Mr. Jacoby, in the morgue management section? Did he have any responsibility as of June 12, 1994 with the collection of physical evidence at a crime scene?

86 A:

No.

87 Q:

To your knowledge, did Mr. Jacoby have any training whatsoever in the preservation of a crime scene as of June 12, 1994?

88 A:

No.

89 Q:

To your knowledge, did Ms. Ratcliffe have any training whatsoever in the preservation of a crime scene as of June 12, 1994?

90 A:

I believe she did.

91 Q:

Why do you believe that?

92 A:

She has worked closely with the criminalistic staff, and she has a technical degree in one of the sciences, and for a while, was working hand in hand with our criminalists. And I believe she has some training in that area.

93 Q:

You mentioned that a criminalist response team was not involved in the Goldman—let me read the question. You mentioned that a criminalist response team was not involved in the—a coroner's criminalist response team, was not involved in the Goldman/Simpson case; is that right?

94 A:

That's right.

95 Q:

Do you know why?

96 A:

Because the investigators that were involved did not call out for a criminalist.

KEY QUOTE
97 Q:

And no DME, deputy medical examiner, was involved at the crime scene in the Goldman/Simpson case; is that correct?

98 A:

That's correct.

99 MR. LEONARD:

Over to 128, line 9. (Reading:)

100 Q:

But you think it was a problem that criminalists were weren't called out, correct?

101 A:

It would have been appropriate for a criminalist to respond to this case.

KEY QUOTE
102 MR. LEONARD:

Over to 129, line 1. (Reading:)

103 Q:

Why, in your opinion, would it have been appropriate for a criminalist to be called to this particular crime scene?

104 A:

In general, because it was a double homicide, and fairly complex. And we can't respond with the—with criminalists to every scene, either, every homicide. But depending on the circumstances, it's a judgment call.

105 Q:

To your knowledge, were criminalists available to be called to this crime scene?

106 A:

Yes.

107 Q:

Okay. Over to page—we have to go to the—I think it's the second volume, page 359.

108 A:

Okay.

109 Q:

In the first section of your deposition, you talked about a ten-hour delay. Do you recall that?

110 A:

Yes.

111 Q:

What is your best memory as to the delay?

112 A:

Ten.

113 Q:

What do you mean? I take it late call-out means just another way of talking about the delay, right?

114 A:

Right.

115 Q:

Now, what is liver temperature? What relationship, if any, does that have to a late call-out?

116 A:

Well, that's an example of a time-sensitive measurement that the coroner makes.

117 Q:

So what are you saying is that, the efficacy of the liver-temperature analysis is affected by delay in time in doing it; is that correct?

118 A:

The liver measurements, yes.

119 Q:

The longer from the time of deaths the measurement is undertaken, the less accurate it is, or the less helpful it is, correct?

120 A:

Correct.

121 Q:

And what is the purpose of taking liver temperature?

122 A:

To help the DME in determining the time of death.

123 Q:

In this case, the liver temperature was taken at least ten hours after the death, correct?

KEY QUOTE
124 A:

Yes.

125 Q:

At least?

126 A:

At least.

127 Q:

Okay. And that's inappropriate, correct?

128 A:

Correct.

129 MR. LEONARD:

Back to page 13, line 7. (Reading:)

130 Q:

And during your tenure at the sheriff's department, was there a department called the Scientific Investigation Department or Division?

131 A:

SID is the equivalent organization within LAPD called scientific services Bureau, SSB.

132 Q:

Are you familiar with the SID, in general terms, at LAPD?

133 A:

Yes.

134 Q:

Just tell me, what does that department—what do they do? What are their normal functions, if you know?

135 A:

Well, one of their major functions, the one I know the most about, is their criminalistics laboratory, the—one of the elements of SID.

136 Q:

Anything else you are familiar with that they do?

137 A:

Their firearms identification section is in SID. I believe their polygraph is. I'm not too sure about the other functions. Primarily criminalists.

138 Q:

Skipping for a second, in 1994, in your position with the coroner's office, would you be in contact regularly with representatives of the of the LAPD's SID?

139 A:

On an occasional basis, not regularly, except—one of my sections is the evidence handling section. And they were in contact frequently with the evidence people over there.

140 Q:

Is it fair to say that the SID section of the LAPD department would be the section that would normally be in contact with the coroner's office to pick up evidence?

141 A:

Yes.

142 Q:

And that would be the normal practice?

143 A:

Yes.

144 Q:

And that has been your experience in the time that you've been with the coroner's department; is that correct?

145 A:

That's correct.

146 Q:

Okay.

147 MR. LEONARD:

Back over to 327. And that would be in the second volume?

MR. P. BAKER: I've got it.

148 MR. LEONARD:

Got it? (Reading:)

149 Q:

I want you to take a look quickly at item B on exhibit 1032-C. It indicates, quote: "EDTA typing blood." Number one, quote: "Both vials were refrigerated," parentheses, his -- Oh, end of parentheses, "prior to release to Detective Vannatter by me." End of quote.

150 A:

Yes.

151 Q:

What does that indicate? Why did you put that in this memo?

152 A:

I know what it means. I don't know why I put it in there.

153 Q:

Well, first of all, let me—let me ask you what it means in lay terms.

154 A:

It means that the EDTA whole blood for typing were contained in the histopathology laboratory refrigerator, and that I released them to Vannatter.

155 Q:

There's a heading, EDTA typing blood. What does that refer to?

156 A:

That—that's the status of the EDTA typing blood; that is what happened to them.

157 Q:

In other words, both vials were blood that contained EDTA?

158 A:

Correct.

159 Q:

And those were turned over directly to Detective Vannatter by you?

160 A:

Correct.

161 Q:

There's no question in your mind about that, right?

162 A:

I remember.

163 Q:

You remember distinctly don't you?

164 A:

Yes, I do.

165 Q:

Because that is something that usually doesn't happen, correct?

166 A:

Correct. Well, yes, it does usually happen.

167 Q:

Okay.

168 A:

We routinely release EDTA blood to the crime lab.

169 Q:

Oh, I understand that. But you testified earlier that you routinely release evidentiary items such as EDTA typing blood to the SID section, to the LAPD correct?

170 A:

Most, eventually.

171 Q:

That is by far the most frequent at the LAPD that you released these types of things to; isn't that fair to say?

172 A:

It's by far the most common.

173 Q:

Right.

174 A:

But it's not rare that we release it to a concerned detective. That's not a rare, isolated event. It's not frequent, but it happens.

175 Q:

But the typical, normal procedure would be for the SID to come over and pick up something, like an EDTA typing blood sample correct?

176 A:

Yes.

177 Q:

Well, I want to you take a look at what I'm going to mark, the following group of documents. I've got 364 A and B. We will get to the bottom of it. I would like you to take a look at what has been marked as 1037. Just count the pages, so I can represent for the record how many there are, please.

178 A:

Five.

179 Q:

That is a five-page document, at least as I put it together, and we are going to ask you some questions about that. Take a look at it right now.

180 A:

Okay.

181 Q:

Have you had a chance to look at what is marked as 1037?

182 A:

Yes.

183 Q:

First of all, I have put it together in any kind of proper order, if you know what I am talking about?

184 A:

Yes.

185 Q:

Good. That's half the battle.

186 A:

Yes, it's in sequence.

187 Q:

What is this 1037?

188 A:

The top page is the autopsy evidence log.

189 Q:

And just in real general terms, what is that?

190 A:

It's an accounting of what was checked at autopsy, in this case, Goldman.

191 Q:

But some of these subsequent pages also deal with Nicole Brown; is that correct?

192 A:

Yes.

193 Q:

All right. And at the top page is the autopsy collection looking relative to Goldman, correct?

194 A:

Correct.

195 Q:

The next page is an evidence log, or portion of evidence log relating to?

196 A:

Ronald Goldman.

197 Q:

What is an evidence log?

198 A:

It's the master log for all the evidence in the department, how it's released and who it's released to.

199 Q:

It shows when it came in, right?

200 A:

Right.

201 Q:

Who collected it, right?

202 A:

Correct.

203 Q:

When it was collected?

204 A:

Right.

205 Q:

What was done with it in the coroner's office, correct?

206 A:

Correct.

207 Q:

Where it was stored?

208 A:

Correct.

209 Q:

Who did what with it in the coroner's office, right?

210 A:

Yes.

211 Q:

And then, ultimately, to whom it was released?

212 A:

Yes.

213 Q:

And by whom it was released?

214 A:

Correct.

215 MR. LEONARD:

Skipping over to 333. (Reading:)

216 Q:

First I want to you look at the evidence log with Goldman, and I misspoke here. I meant Nicole Brown. Where it says Simpson, I meant Nicole Brown Simpson. I am going to ask you this question: Is it true that, except for the typing blood samples, but Goldman and Brown, every other item of evidence that was turned over to the LAPD was turned over to the SID? If I am incorrect, please just let me know.

217 A:

Yes.

218 Q:

The answer is yes?

219 A:

Yes.

220 Q:

And those two items, the typing blood samples for Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman, were, in fact, turned over not to SID, but Detective Phillips?

221 A:

Correct.

222 Q:

What date was that?

223 A:

24th, which is the whole blood.

224 Q:

Yes. Well, the items that were turned over to Vannatter, first of all, for Goldman, what is the date that it was turned over?

225 A:

June 15, '94.

226 Q:

With regard to Brown or Simpson?

227 A:

Same date.

228 Q:

Okay. Is there a time on there?

229 A:

8:45 in the morning.

230 Q:

For both, right?

231 A:

For both.

232 Q:

And you were the individual that actually turned them over to Vannatter, correct?

233 A:

Correct.

234 Q:

Prior to June 15, 1994, when is the last time you had turned over blood typing such as that to a homicide detective?

235 A:

I don't think I ever released any whole blood to anybody at the coroner's office, to anybody, besides this case.

236 Q:

I didn't understand your answer.

237 A:

I don't—

238 Q:

Let me make sure the question is clear. Prior to June 15, 1994, when was the last time, if any, you recall turning over this type of, what I am going to call blood sample, to a homicide detective?

239 A:

I don't believe I did.

KEY QUOTE
240 Q:

With the LAPD, you have never done that before?

241 A:

I don't think so.

242 Q:

Are you aware of anyone else in the evidence section—is that a fair statement, fair description?

243 A:

Yes.

244 Q:

When is the last time that you were aware of anyone else in the evidence section, prior to June 15, 1994, turning over this type of blood sample to a homicide detective?

245 A:

I can't give you an exact date, but I've seen it occur.

246 Q:

And can you tell me—can you give my any description whatsoever the last time, prior to June 15, 1994, that you observed this occur, the name of the case, the name of the detective, anything—anything to help me to identify that?

247 A:

No.

248 Q:

You're sure?

249 A:

Very sure.

250 Q:

How long before June 15, 1994, did you observe this occur?

251 A:

I would say within a few years of that date.

252 Q:

Well, within five years?

253 A:

Within that time.

254 Q:

Would it have been within one year?

255 A:

I don't recall specifically.

256 Q:

Is it fair to say that it's a very rare—it's fair to say that it's a very rare occurrence, isn't it?

257 A:

No, I don't think I would characterize it very rare.

258 Q:

You have never—

259 A:

I would say it's uncommon.

KEY QUOTE
260 Q:

You never did it before?

261 A:

No.

262 Q:

And you are telling me, unless I am mistaken, you have a recollection of a single occasion within several years prior to June 15, 1994, where you are even aware of it occurring? Isn't that fair to say, sir?

263 A:

I would characterize it as I've seen it occur a few times over the 12 years I've been with the coroner's office.

264 Q:

Five times, maybe?

265 A:

Maybe.

266 Q:

Maybe. Thank you. Do you know that Detective Vannatter went to Dr. Golden first to try to get those blood samples? Do you know that?

267 A:

No.

268 Q:

This is the first time you're hearing that?

269 A:

Yes.

270 Q:

That's not part of the procedure? In other words, the DME, deputy medical examiner, doing the autopsy would never be in possession of those, would he?

271 A:

No.

272 MR. LEONARD:

Nothing further.

273 MR. MEDVENE:

We have nothing, Your Honor.

274 MR. BAKER:

Call O.J. Simpson.

275

THE COURT: Just a minute. Ten-minute recess, ladies and gentlemen. (Recess.) (The following proceedings were held in open court outside the presence of the jury.)

276 THE COURT:

All right, at this time we're proceeding in the absence of jurors and we're going to address the motions—I believe there are four motions—filed by the defense. First motion that the Court addresses is defendants' motion to preclude rebuttal testimony of Terry Lee, Roger Martz, Bradley Popovich and Richard Fox. I've read the moving papers. Plaintiff want to be heard?

277 MR. PETROCELLI:

Yes, your Honor. Under California Civil Code Section 607, rebuttal evidence is proper when offered to disprove evidence offered by the other party's case in chief. It is not proper, for example, where you're merely reiterating matters that were previously covered in the plaintiff's case in chief. Classically, rebuttal is appropriate where you are proffering experts to rebut the experts offered by the defense. Now, as I understand the argument of the defense here, they are somehow contending that because of certain matters being mentioned in my opening statement, that we somehow are now barred from bringing up by way of rebuttal and have somehow inherited the burden of proof on those matters. Our rebuttal case, Your Honor, will principally consist of points directed to four issues. One is the photo issue regarding the shoes. We have a couple witnesses to call to rebut the defense contention that the photograph that was offered into evidence taken by photographer Scull is a fraud, and they offered their expert, Mr. Groden, and we are going to offer Mr. Richards and Mr. Flammer and Mr. Bodziak, and perhaps maybe even Mr. Simpson, depending on what happens in the cross-examination.

278 THE COURT:

Would you identify who those people are, what they're going to testify?

279 MR. PETROCELLI:

Gerald Richards is an expert who will rebut the expert testimony of Charles Groden—Robert Groden, excuse me. (Laughter.)

280 MR. PETROCELLI:

I'm going to hear about this. E.J. Flammer is the photographer who took the photograph—photographs that were introduced to impeach not only Mr. Groden, but also Mr. Simpson, and he will authenticate the photographs. Mr. Bodziak will testify that the shoes in those photographs are in fact Bruno Magli shoes, Lorenzo, same as—as in the Scull photograph. In addition to that issue, the defense has raised the so-called planting issue. They've said that the socks were planted, and they offered an expert by the name of MacDonell who talked about little balls of blood. We will rebut that testimony with our expert, Richard Fox. The defense contends that blood was planted in one aspect. They offered a guy named Rieders who talked about the presence of EDTA where it shouldn't be, and we will rebut that with the testimony of Dr. Terry Lee. The defense has offered evidence with regard to the second Bronco collection of blood, attempting to indicate that that blood had not been there previously and therefore was planted, and we will present some of the SID photographers who took the photos on which the defense is relying to explain away those assertions. The defense has argued that the glove is planted. Recently they introduced some testimony from Mr. Fung with regard to the so-called hole, which is in fact not a hole, and we will offer a glove photographer and perhaps Greg Matheson to rebut that assertion. In addition, the defense offered the testimony of Rolf Rokahr to indicate that a photograph was taken at a particular time, and that somehow, although it's unclear to me how, proves that a glove was planted. We will present the testimony of Sandra Claiborne of SID who was with Mr. Rokahr and will testify about the timing of the photograph. The defense has attempted to prove in their case that other blood evidence that may not have been planted was nonetheless contaminated, and they relied principally on their expert named Gerdes, and we will call our expert, Popovich, to rebut some of the Gerdes points. And finally, depending particularly on what happens on Mr. Simpson's examination and what he proffers by—with regard to issues of the— concerning the relationship between himself and Nicole Brown Simpson, we may call some witnesses on that issue. The Court will be reminded that one of our fact witnesses was unavailable in the first— when we were presenting our case in chief. His name is Alfred Acosta. And the Court gave us permission to call him out of order when it was our turn in rebuttal, and we plan to call him if indeed he is available. Finally, Your Honor, in terms of the law, here, I would cite to the Court the case of Diamond Drinks Lime Company versus American River Constructors, 16 Cal.Ap.3d 581, which makes it clear that under, those, in this case, we are absolutely entitled to put on this sort of rebuttal evidence, and the case of Charlieville versus Metropolitan Trust company of California 1236 Cal.Ap. 349. The last point I'm going to make is, if the Court will remember back in the opening statement that I made, Baker made an objection to my even bringing up any evidence by way of rebuttal to his witnesses, claiming that he may decide not to call those witnesses and therefore I had to wait until the end of my case, and the court sustained that position. And that was at page 63 of the transcript from opening statements. And Mr. Baker said, "Opening statement is what their case is, what their evidence is going to prove, what—they have a burden of proving it, not to rebut what our position may or may not be at time of trial." Okay. And he goes on to say, "In my opinion, they've got to save that for the conclusion of the case." And that's precisely what we're doing. And in regard to all of the issues on which we seek to offer rebuttal, I might add, they have the burden of proof. We can't acquire the burden of proof when they respond to that fair affirmative defense opens by mentioning them in our opening statement. That's never been the law and wouldn't make any sense. They're going to have the burden of proof. We will argue on these issues, that the photographs are a fraud, that any evidence was planted or that any evidence was contaminated, they will have the burden, they put it on in their case, and we're responding to it.

281 MR. BAKER:

Your Honor, I haven't looked at the Charlieville case, which is even older than I am, or the Diamond case, because we didn't—we didn't get any of this from Mr. Petrocelli. But as this court is aware, these are all—for example, these are all designated expert witnesses. And my objection to his opening statement did not go to Mr. Petrocelli, for example, asserting that we will have experts that will assert there is no contamination, we will have experts that will assert that these photographs are not phony. They—he could certainly have said that and put that evidence on, and had an obligation at the time that he presented his case in chief to call all the expert witnesses that he had designated in his case. He chose, for tactical reasons, as a ploy, not to put those experts on so that they—that he could have a tactical—what he thinks is a tactical advantage at the end of the case. The cases that we cited to you indicate that that is totally inappropriate. Those issues were issues in this case before his law firm ever got involved in the case. Those issues have permeated the criminal trial, they have permeated this trial. Those expert witnesses should have been called in his case in chief. And now—I guess Bodziak was called in his case in chief. And now, from what I've just heard, he seems to think that he's entitled to call Bodziak again for these, quote, newly discovered photographs that were taken over three years ago. Now, that seems to me to destroy any alleged 2034 designation of experts. And I believe that certainly he's entitled to call people relative to the issue of the Bronco photographs that—that we assert show no blood on August—early August, as contrasted to August 26 when there's blood all over the console, the August 10 photograph, the August 26, and certainly he's entitled to call relative to the issue of whether or not that is in fact a hole or a pebble in the glove that was raised. The other issues were well known to him, and our position is, and I think it's supported by the code section and the cases we cited, he cannot attempt to sandbag his case in chief, and for political and tactical ployish reasons, withhold all those experts until now. They have been known and they should have been in his case in chief. And if in fact that happens, then this case goes on another month, because we have then surrebuttal to those—those people.

282 THE COURT:

I don't think so.

283 MR. BAKER:

Well, I'll tell you—

284 THE COURT:

It's not going to go on for another month.

285 THE COURT:

Well, it depends upon your rulings. You can't call five experts, one who has already been on the stand, and—maybe six experts, and suggest that we shouldn't have any surrebuttal to those people.

286 THE COURT:

All right. The Court has read the moving papers, has read the cases cited by the defendant, and I'm satisfied that under these circumstances, the fact that any mention in the opening statement in and of itself did not obligate the plaintiff to offer rebuttal to the various specific defenses raised by the defendant in their defense. The rebuttal evidence appears to this Court, based upon representation of counsel, that's what they're going to testify to, going specifically to the issues raised by the affirmative defenses submitted by the defense to the jury. And the motions to preclude the presentation of the rebuttal witnesses are denied. That is as to both the—there's a separate motion filed as to—as to the photographs. I include this order as covering the photographs as well. Particularly with regards to the photographs, the representation is that the plaintiffs did not have the photographs until they had rested their case in chief. Under those circumstances, they had no duty to offer any evidence of that nature in their case in chief.

287 MR. BAKER:

Your Honor, just to—a clarification on that.

288 THE COURT:

Yeah. Yes.

289 MR. BAKER:

You're not suggesting now they can submit those to an expert witness and have that expert witness come in here, and Bodziak has already testified, and testify to the authenticity of those photographs, which we have not raised any such issue yet, obviously.

290 MR. PETROCELLI:

I don't understand what he's saying.

291 THE COURT:

I don't either.

292 MR. BAKER:

Okay. Fair enough. You're not saying that Bodziak, who came in here and testified as to—as to the shoes, can now come back in and say that these are in fact Bruno Magli shoes? He's going to be limited to what he testified to in the criminal trial and what he testified to—because he was a designated expert under the stipulation. And now they're suggesting that Bodziak come into this courtroom and expand his testimony because he was subject to the stipulation and then his deposition was taken for the Scull photo. Okay. Then—but that limited the amount of what he reviewed, and you're not, I take it, suggesting 2034 is waived.

293 THE COURT:

What is your—

294 MR. PETROCELLI:

We don't know what position they're taking. If he takes the position that these photographs—that these shoes that are in the Flammer photographs are not Bruno Magli shoes, then Mr. Bodziak will so testify that they are. We don't even know what their position is. If he concedes the position, then he won't be necessary.

295 MR. BAKER:

I don't have to concede anything.

296 THE COURT:

Sir, just a minute.

297 MR. BAKER:

2034 says—

298 THE COURT:

If you offer evidence or testimony that the Flammer photographs don't show Bruno Magli shoes, then I think the Court is going to rule that plaintiffs can rebut with Bodziak or—

299 MR. BAKER:

Regardless, 2034 we know that—

300 THE COURT:

I don't think 2034 has any application to these circumstances.

301 MR. BAKER:

You don't think Kennemer does either.

302 THE COURT:

Mr. Baker, I'm making my rulings. You know where you can go with them.

303 MR. BAKER:

I've been there before.

304 THE COURT:

Okay. Now, next motion the Court will address is—defense memorandum, I guess, is the motion. Defense memorandum of law re admissibility of Mark Fuhrman statements contained in tapes of Laura Hart-McKinney. Go ahead.

305 MR. LEONARD:

Your Honor, this is obviously— we're revisiting the Fuhrman issue here from a slightly different angle. This was—as I think is clear from the moving papers and perhaps as Your Honor already knows from other sources, Detective Fuhrman spoke to a Laura Hart-McKinny, who is a wanna-be playwright, and he gave her a lot of information about his personal experiences, including several admissions with regard to police misconduct and also planting evidence and so forth and so on, and also his indication of his racial animus. There's really no question that these are classic statements against penal interests. I think we set that forth in the—in our moving papers. So I think there's also no question that these are absolutely relevant to this case. We have raised, as Your Honor knows, the issue of whether or not the glove on the Rockingham property was planted and whether or not other evidence was planted, including blood, and now we have the issue of this disappearing hole in the Bundy glove. So we think that when we have evidence that one of the primary, if not the primary, actors, particularly with regards to the Rockingham glove, has a—someone who is an acknowledged racist, and according to the statements he made, felon, then I think that that's something that this court should permit the jury to hear. I think it's relevant and I think it's clear, again, these are clearly statements against penal interests. We've already filed—I might as well argue it now. We've also filed a separate motion arguing that some of what we'll call in the past Mr. Fuhrman's substantive testimony at the criminal trial also amounts to statements against penal interest, particularly in view of the context in which the statements were made. And we've listed those—all those 20 different areas on pages 4 through 7 of the memorandum. And I would cite in particular the case People versus Gordon, which sets out the standard that suspicious conduct alone can be amount to statement against penal interest at least set up the circumstances under which might otherwise be a nonincriminating statement, is in fact a statement against penal interest. So we would ask the Court at this point to admit at least these portions as we set out in our memoranda of Detective Fuhrman's prior testimony. I mean we have a situation, as Your Honor knows, where one of the primary investigators and actors in the case is not here because he chooses not to be here. And I don't think it's fair. I don't think it's a right thing at all. I think our case is highly prejudiced. We can't really stop him from running away. I don't think you should let the plaintiffs hide him at this point. I think he's in this case and I think—

306 THE COURT:

Plaintiffs are hiding him?

307 MR. LEONARD:

Well, I don't—I think we should be allowed—yes, by their objection to his prior testimony. Exactly. And I think we should be allowed to present this to the jury. I think it's relevant and I think it falls within the exception to the hearsay rule. Thank you.

308 MR. MEDVENE:

If the Court please, plaintiffs aren't hiding anyone. We attempted also to take his testimony. We'll address first the contention that his criminal trial testimony should be admissible. This has been before Your Honor twice. The request has been denied twice. Now, belatedly, the claim is that the otherwise innocent statements are somehow admissions against penal interests. There's no case that supports that. The law is clear that one has to know, or have some reason to know, that this statement one is making is against his penal interest. There's no case that holds, as the defendants argue, that an otherwise innocent statement or testimony during an investigation that no one reasonably could have known would subject someone to some penal consequence, falls within the penal exception to the hearsay rule. Really, what this is about, Your Honor, is getting in some testimony of Mr. Fuhrman in an attempt I think, as was pointed out earlier, to set up that testimony so they can then try to impeach it with a second string of the proverbial ball that other statements made in the—in the McKinney tape. On the statements on the McKinney tape, we know that they're all hearsay. They claim again against penal interest, which is curious, since the statements are ten years old. So how could trial statements they're trying to impeach, be impeached by something allegedly against his penal interest, if the statute really would have run? But more than that, primarily, there's nothing to impeach. Detective Fuhrman did not testify in this case, so the statements they offer of him are not relevant for any purpose. And I might note, Your Honor, that, in the earlier criminal case, even in a situation where Detective Fuhrman did testify, or when Detective Fuhrman, in each and every instance cited the 18 cited—and the comments in the '94 tape, were all held not relevant, even when he did testify. And, of course, this is a totally different case, because both sides have attempted to question him, and he has chosen not to testify. So we say for all of those reasons, Your Honor, that the—any of the transcript portions cited should not be admissible.

309 MR. LEONARD:

Your Honor, just one statement that Mr. Medvene made is absolutely incorrect: After the preliminary hearing, one of the statements Fuhrman made is, "I'm the key witness in the biggest case of the century. You know if I go down, they lose the case. The glove is everything. Drop the glove, because you are going down." Now, that's—that's something that was uttered after he had already been involved in—in the case, 1994, in July.

310 MR. MEDVENE:

He also says, by the way, in that same tape, that he did nothing wrong; and anybody that thinks he did anything, one, is a psycho, and everything he did was appropriate. But aside from that, that very statement in the prior criminal case where he did testify, was not permitted in under 352. Here, most importantly, there's nothing to impeach, because the man has not testified.

311 MR. LEONARD:

Your Honor, I would note for the record, since we're now talking about what some other judge did, that there was no argument made that I'm aware of along these lines in any statements against penal interests.

312 THE COURT:

Submitted?

313 MR. MEDVENE:

Submitted.

314 THE COURT:

All right. With regards to the taped statements of Fuhrman, of Laura Hart McKinney, I am of the opinion that those statements which are included as part of the memorandum or moving papers, do not constitute admissions against penal interest. I think they are further not only hearsay, but remote. Not relevant. And whatever probative value they may have is far outweighed by the prejudicial fact, particularly in view of the lack of connection with the evidence on this case, and in the absence of the opportunity of plaintiff to cross-examine both Fuhrman and McKinney, defendant having also filed a declaration that McKinney, likewise, is not available for examination.

315 MR. LEONARD:

Your Honor, may I make a comment on the last point so the record is clear?

316 THE COURT:

Go ahead.

317 MR. LEONARD:

McKinney was clearly cross-examined at the criminal trial. We'd be proffering the tapes through her testimony, both at a voir dire and also in—actually in front of the jury. So that under the prior testimony exception, that would be covered, just so the record's clear.

318 THE COURT:

That's a nice segue into the second ruling. The Court had previously ruled as to Fuhrman's criminal trial testimony, that it was inadmissible, because of the effect of Evidence Code Sections 1291 and 1292. I think the same principle applies to Hart McKinney's criminal trial testimony. The Court ruled previously as to Fuhrman, and now rules as to Hart McKinney, that the plaintiffs were not in the same position, did not have the same interests and motive within the mention of sections 1291 and 1292 of the Evidence Code. And this is something I've already previously ruled on, I believe, on November 18, 1996, that the criminal trial testimony of Fuhrman, and now of Hart McKinney, are not admissible. I further find that, with regards to the contention that Fuhrman's criminal trial testimony constitutes a statement against his penal interests, I find that argument to be untenable, and that motion is likewise denied.

319 MR. LEONARD:

So the record is clear, Your Honor, you—as I understood you, your earlier ruling, because you're now incorporating that into your ruling with regard to Hart McKinney, you made the ruling, as I understood it, that—that it was because Fuhrman was called as a—on direct testimony by the prosecution, who had the same—basically the same interest as the plaintiffs. That was the distinction I thought you were making. You even called it a technical rule. Now, we have the opposite situation with regard to Hart McKinney. She was called by the defense and was, in fact, cross-examined by the prosecutors, who had the exact same interests as the plaintiffs. So I want to make sure that's clear.

320 THE COURT:

That makes it doubly objectionable, in my opinion, under 1291 and 1292.

321 MR. LEONARD:

Well, that, I don't understand.

322 THE COURT:

Well, there you are. Okay. I'll hear argument—further argument, and I will ask for an offer of proof as to the proposed testimony of the defendant with regards to specific aspects of the decedent's character. I want to anticipate and address the issues of relevance and whether or not the Court should permit the questions.

323 MR. BAKER:

Your Honor, I intend to inquire of Mr. Simpson on the specific incidents raised by the plaintiffs in this case; that is, the 1984 incident, the 1989 incident, the 1993 incident. I intend to go into his feelings and discussions with Nicole in some detail, between January 1 of 1994 and June 12 of 1994.

324 THE COURT:

Well, the objections seem to not go to those; it just seems to go to something else.

325 MR. BAKER:

Well, that's what I'm going to be inquiring of Mr. Simpson about, those specific issues, the reasons, the rationale, what was said, what transpired during the conversations that occurred, and what gave rise to those incidents, and to explain what happened at those incidents. And those all, of course, were raised by the plaintiffs.

326 MR. KELLY:

Your Honor, most of these things, such as '93, as I said, first of all, go before the reconciliation and maybe purported to have something to do with alleged drug use, which would have nothing to do with, as I understand it, nonmotive of Mr. Simpson to commit these murders. As I said, they are totally irrelevant to the murders of June 12, 1994. I have absolutely no objection to Mr. Simpson testifying as to his feelings regarding Nicole or things like that in 1994. My objections are to, one, prior alleged drug use of any sort by Nicole Brown Simpson; two, her romantic interests prior to 1994, which there's been no evidence of any of. I have no objection of none of—if none of that's been brought up. I think Mr. Baker indicated in his opening statement he's going to bring out testimony, one about a terminated pregnancy that occurred in 1992, which is totally irrelevant, and made some mention of an observation Mr. Simpson had made in '93 regarding a sex act between Ms. Simpson and someone else, which will be totally irrelevant, also.

327 MR. BAKER:

Your Honor, they have made the entire relationship of Mr. Simpson and Nicole Brown Simpson relevant back to '84.

328 THE COURT:

Would you address the contention of Mr. Kelly with regards to the drug use? What do you intend to offer on that?

329 MR. BAKER:

The argument that was raised by them in the October 25, 1993 incident goes to the issue of that argument commenced as a result of Nicole Brown Simpson dealing—having interactions with drug dealers, having interactions with known prostitutes, and having those people around her home. Mr. Simpson didn't like it, didn't want it, and had an argument with her about it. They raised the issue. It seems to me that he has the right, certainly under Evidence Code Section 1227, to—to talk about what was said. He has the right to explain his actions. There's been a character assassination that's gone on from day one in this case. It goes back to '84.

330 THE COURT:

1992 pregnancy?

331 MR. BAKER:

1992 pregnancy goes to the issue, they are saying Mr. Simpson had this jealous rage and couldn't stand to not be with Nicole Brown Simpson. What we said in opening statement, and what I intend to elicit from Mr. Simpson on the witness stand, is, in fact, that they—that Mr. Simpson was her confidant. You can tell—

332 THE COURT:

Well, what are you raising the pregnancy for, is what I'm trying to get at.

333 MR. BAKER:

Well, it's certainly the ultimate communication that this man was never in a jealous rage, or she wouldn't have told him—they were separated—she certainly wouldn't have confided in him if she thought that he was jealous and that he was going to—

334 THE COURT:

Tell me what his testimony is going to be with regards to the pregnancy. I'm trying to fathom the materiality for—

335 MR. BAKER:

That she told him that she got pregnant by someone else and was considering terminating the pregnancy, which she ultimately did. And he listened to her and counseled her relative to that issue.

336 THE COURT:

Okay. 1993 sex act.

337 MR. BAKER:

They have painted Mr. Simpson as this jealous person, who is absolutely—in this absolutely jealous rage; that he got mad every time; he couldn't stand to see her with another man; he saw in her—from at the Treiste restaurant in April of 1992; he went over to her house that night; in the front room, she was engaged in the sex acts with this other man, with the front room open. They got—

338 THE COURT:

Is it—

339 MR. BAKER:

'92.

340 MR. KELLY:

April of '92.

341 THE COURT:

Okay. I'm sorry. Go ahead.

342 MR. BAKER:

The draperies were open. Mr. Simpson turned around and left. He then called his wife the next day, had a discussion, that it was inappropriate, perhaps, to do that with the kids there. They -- she—they—I've got stereo here.

343 THE COURT:

I noticed. (Indicating to Mr. Leonard speaking in his ear.)

344 MR. BAKER:

As I recall, the plaintiffs raised that with Kato Kaelin, while he was on the stand. And I think it's important for Mr. Simpson to be able to explain to a jury that he didn't get into any jealous rage about it. He is entitled to do that.

345 THE COURT:

All right. And something about 1994.

346 MR. BAKER:

Well, I think we're going to talk about his relationship, just her erratic behavior. I'm not going to talk—if the jury wants to conclude that her being what he concluded to be a normal, loving woman, being one day and having basically that exhibit symptoms that were consistent with, as he described it, a nervous breakdown the very next day, they conclude whatever they want relative to that. But I'm not going to go into the fact that if she was using drugs at this time—

347 MR. KELLY:

Your Honor, I think it was during Dr. Barry Michel's deposition there was substance abuse. There's no firsthand knowledge of—there's no testimony that he ever saw Nicole using drugs in 1994, when pointedly asked.

348 MR. BAKER:

That's when you asked—

349 THE COURT:

Let him finish.

350 MR. KELLY:

With regards to those other things, the '92 pregnancy issue, the '92 observation of the sex act, these were all prior to the reconciliation, Judge. And we have conceded there was a time of separation, and they did get back together, and they had a relationship for over a year then. What might be at issue would be what happened at the very end. But we—this thing with 1992, I think Mr. Baker's words, in his opening was, she was like a butterfly, spreading her wings at that time, and had lots of men. And none of that during the separation period, when she was away from Mr. Simpson, and prior to the reconciliation, has nothing to do with how the murders occurred or whether they indicate motive, nonmotive, or anything else in 1994. So they have no objection to 1994, as long as it's not speculative. But these earlier things are just character assassinations. She is not here to defend herself. This Court already ruled that Mr. Simpson's alleged infidelity and drug use cannot be gone into. We'll be dealing with this in a vacuum with our witnesses to rebut this. And the very least I would ask, to put it in context, how Mr. Simpson's state of mind might be with all this, that we be allowed to inquire the same of Mr. Simpson.

351 MR. PETROCELLI:

Before Your Honor rules, I would like to be heard on one point here. Mr. Simpson did, in fact, testify that he was not—he did not see any drug use by Nicole in 1994. My concern is that this issue might be argued as an explanation for an alternative killer, Your Honor. And I think for that purpose, it is not relevant and violates the teachings of People versus Kaurish. If Mr. Baker wants to admit it for the purpose he asserted, namely, to undercut motive, that's one thing; and Your Honor will have to decide to what extent that evidence is admissible and relevant. But I would ask that if it does come in, that it not—that it come in for the limited purpose only, and not to suggest that Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman may have been killed by some unspecified third parties, or just because Mr. Simpson says Nicole was cohorting with people involved with drugs and prostitution. That's my concern. I think it violates the Court's prior rulings. I think it violates People versus Kaurish, and I think it's violative of Section 352 of the Evidence Code.

352 MR. LEONARD:

Your Honor, two more points, just briefly, in response. Number one, it's interesting that Mr. Kelly should talk about the '92 viewing of the sex act.

353 THE COURT:

I don't want to hear any more about that.

354 MR. LEONARD:

Okay.

355 THE COURT:

I'd like to hear about the issue that Mr. Kelly—Mr. Petrocelli raised.

356 MR. LEONARD:

I would like to say that than one of the issues that they raised, especially through Judy Brown, if I recall, directly, is that Mr. Simpson was calling quote, unquote, obsessively, that he was calling her—

357 THE COURT:

I don't think that's what he—

358 MR. LEONARD:

-- that he called her—

359 THE COURT:

Can I make it easier for you?

360 MR. LEONARD:

Yeah.

361 THE COURT:

All right. The Court will overrule the objection and allow the defendant to testify as to those matters. And it's my intention to allow it only for the purpose of controverting the defendant's state of mind and the existence or nonexistence of motive. And it's my intention to preclude and admonish counsel not to argue that as a basis for a theory that a third party did kill her. If you want to argue that—

362 MR. KELLY:

With regard to which specific issue?

363 THE COURT:

I'm not talking to you, Mr. Kelly; I'm talking to—

364 MR. KELLY:

I'm sorry, Judge.

365 MR. BAKER:

We can worry about what we argue about when we argue.

366 THE COURT:

No. I'm telling you right now, that's my ruling. If it's your intention to violate that order, I'm not going to permit it.

367 MR. BAKER:

I don't have any intention of violating any of the Court's orders. I adhere to the Court's orders.

368 THE COURT:

Your last statement leads me to be a little bit concerned that it's not your intention to abide with it. I am satisfied that you have always abided by the Court's order.

369 MR. BAKER:

I will abide by your court order. If I have to go upstairs and get it reversed before closing argument, that's something else. We don't have to visit that until that point in time.

370 THE COURT:

Good.

371 MR. BAKER:

I won't violate your court orders. I don't violate your court orders.

372 THE COURT:

That's the rulings that the Court makes. 1:30 for jurors and everyone. (At 11:50

A.M., a luncheon recess was taken until 1:30 P.M. of the same day.) SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA; FRIDAY, JANUARY 10, 1997 1:45 PM DEPARTMENT NO. WEQ HON. HIROSHI FUJISAKI, JUDGE. APPEARANCES: (Per Cover Page) (REGINA D. CHAVEZ, OFFICIAL REPORTER) (Jurors resume their respective seats.)

373 MR. BAKER:

Orenthal James Simpson.

374 THE CLERK:

You've been sworn previously. You're still under oath. Would you please state your name again for the record.

375 MR. LAMARQUE:

Orenthal James Simpson. DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. BAKER:

376 Q:

0J, when you were born?

Temperature

tense

Key Quotes (5)

Siglar
It would have been appropriate for a criminalist to respond to this case.
Coroner's own supervising criminalist concedes the crime scene was mishandled — no criminalist was called to a double homicide.
Siglar
I don't believe I did. [...] I don't think so.
Siglar admits he had never previously released blood samples directly to a homicide detective — establishing this as an anomaly in the Vannatter handoff.
Siglar
In this case, the liver temperature was taken at least ten hours after the death, correct? ... Correct.
Confirms a ten-hour delay in a time-sensitive forensic measurement, undermining the reliability of the time-of-death estimate.
Siglar
I would say it's uncommon.
After resisting the 'very rare' characterization, Siglar nonetheless concedes releasing blood directly to a detective was outside normal procedure.
Siglar
Because the investigators that were involved did not call out for a criminalist.
Explains why no criminalist responded — investigators made that judgment call, not policy — pointing to a discretionary failure at the scene.

Evidence (2)

1032-C
Memo authored by Siglar noting both EDTA typing blood vials were refrigerated prior to release to Detective Vannatter
discussed
1037
Five-page autopsy evidence log and master evidence log for Goldman and Nicole Brown Simpson, tracking collection, storage, and release of all coroner evidence
discussed

Notable Exchanges (3)

LeonardSiglar
Leonard methodically establishes that releasing EDTA blood samples to Detective Vannatter directly — rather than to LAPD SID — was something Siglar had never personally done before and could only vaguely recall seeing happen 'a few times' over 12 years, eventually conceding perhaps five times total.
strategic
LeonardSiglar
Siglar confirms the ten-hour delay in liver temperature measurement was 'inappropriate' and directly degraded the ability to determine time of death.
revealing
LeonardSiglar
Siglar explains that John Jacoby, the person who released evidence to crime labs, was a 'student worker' with no training in crime scene preservation as of June 12, 1994.
revealing

Light Moments (2)

Siglar
After the examiner asks Siglar to do math on his own career timeline, Siglar stumbles through the dates before correcting himself multiple times.
Leonard
Leonard asks if he assembled the 1037 document pages in order; Siglar confirms 'Yes, it's in sequence.' Leonard: 'Good. That's half the battle.'

Credibility Attacks (2)

⚔ Coroner's Office procedures
institutional failure / omission
Leonard used Siglar's own expertise to establish that the coroner's office failed to send a criminalist to a complex double homicide, failed to take timely liver temperature readings, and allowed a student worker with no crime scene training to be involved in evidence handling.
⚔ Detective Vannatter
procedural anomaly
Siglar's admission that releasing blood samples directly to a detective (rather than SID) was 'uncommon' and something he had never personally done before implicitly questions why Vannatter received the samples outside normal channels.

Objections

None recorded
Proceeding 8774 • 376 utterances
Civil Trial
Department 103
⚖️ Start
📂 JAN 10, 1997 📄 Deposition of Gary Siglar
JAN 10, 1997 KRT DvH TD