📄 Witness and motions discussion — Tuesday, September 5, 1995
Address:
C:\DEPT103\CRIMINAL\1995\SEP\5\WITNESS-AND-MOTIONS-DISCUSSION.DOC
TRIAL
▲ Day 147 of 167

Witness and motions discussion

Date: Tuesday, September 5, 1995 • Utterances: 121
The court holds an extended out-of-jury session to determine witness order and admissibility of Ricky Hodge, an African American witness the Defense claims can testify that Fuhrman addressed him with a racial slur during a 1987 arrest. Darden passionately argues the testimony is cumulative and openly laments being put in the position of arguing why an African American should not testify, prompting a rare personal apology from Judge Ito. The judge ultimately rules to allow only the specific statement Fuhrman allegedly made in the police car, then pivots to call McKinny next.
1 THE COURT:

All right. Next witness. Next witness. All right. Ladies and gentlemen, let me ask you to step back into the jury room for just a few moments.

2 (The following proceedings were held in open court, out of the presence of the jury:)
3 THE COURT:

All right. Mr. Cochran, who is the next witness?

4 MR. COCHRAN:

Well, we--Mr. Scheck has--

5 MR. SCHECK:

Your Honor, I'd just like to serve on Prosecution and to the court a letter memorandum with respect to a request for sanctions for failing to disclose or permit the creation of contact prints, and we have a proposed instruction that we would like the court to give to the jury on this matter.

6 THE COURT:

All right.

7 MR. SCHECK:

Now that the testimony of Mr. Rokahr has been completed and the factual record is complete, we think it's very plain that, as indicated in our Brady motion, what the problems are here, and I'm sure the court is familiar with the discovery problems we had.

8 THE COURT:

Mr. Cochran, next witness.

9 MR. COCHRAN:

Yes, your Honor. The next witness--I think I indicated to the court again that--and I would reiterate this again--that what I would like to do, if the court would allow us to, is to allow us to argue our motion for reconsideration on Miss McKinny, my motion for reconsideration to your Honor prior to calling McKinny plus a couple other motions because it bears upon what we are able to do if you change your mind at any particular. And we would like to play a tape for you of what you're allowing us to play for the jury as far as Fuhrman's words. We think it's very relevant before McKinny is called. And then I want to reiterate again and ask your Honor to read the transcript at page 18899 because, as I said before, given Bailey's question, Mr. Bailey's question, which is very specific, we have an absolute right it seems to me to impeach Fuhrman based upon this. This is the only witness on our Defense list that can testify that Fuhrman used this word in addressing him as an African American. So it's not cumulative at all. And what I would like in the best of all worlds, for you to listen to the argument regarding McKinny, let us call McKinny, let us play what we're going to play on that and then call Hodge. If your Honor rules that this is permissible on Hodge, then I would go ahead and call Hodge now and then take the rest of the day dealing with McKinny. But I would like--if you say we can put our case on the way we want to, I would like to deal with--I'd like to get a ruling from you on Hodge, deal with McKinny, call McKinny and Hodge. But if you want to get more testimony on before this jury, I would then move Hodge up for this limited area we're talking about. And I'd ask you to read this page 18899. I think it's very controlling and very compelling and he is the only witness we have, the only African American we have who can refute Fuhrman's insistence that he never addressed any African American with this word, the only one. Everybody else is white.

10 THE COURT:

Is that it?

11 MR. COCHRAN:

That's it for right now.

12 THE COURT:

Mr. Darden.

13 MR. DARDEN:

Well, I think we've spread enough venom around for one day and for one trial, Judge. As I've said before, we have not challenged, we did not challenge the earlier witnesses' assertion that Fuhrman used these epitaphs and just reflect on the things you have allowed this jury to hear as they relate to Fuhrman's racial animus. And I'm sure the court noted that throughout that testimony, each of these jurors, they were writing like crazy. It seemed as if they wrote down each and every word, as if they hung on each and every word. And at some point, you know, I think the court has to remember--and I'm sure the court does--that we have a right to a fair trial just like this Defendant, okay. We have gone way too far, way over the mark in this I believe. The epitaph was uttered, considered in context in which it was uttered and which was heard by this jury, your Honor. What more can they want? I think McKinny is cumulative at this point, especially on an issue like this, which is collateral. And if the court disagrees that it's collateral, then it's only marginally beyond being collateral. At any event, you know, we can't be allowed to turn this trial into the trial of People versus Fuhrman or rather Cochran versus Fuhrman or Simpson versus Fuhrman or whomever--Bailey versus Fuhrman. We've heard this word thrown around throughout the courtroom today. I've heard that term more by Mr. Bailey than any other white individual I've ever heard it from in my entire life, and I'm sure a lot of people--

14 THE COURT:

Well, Mr. Darden, why don't you address the legal issue that Mr. Cochran raises; that the only African American that has been proffered at this point is Mr. Hodge to say that, "I'm an African American who was referred to by Mark Fuhrman in this manner," although the record thankfully to this point is color blind as to who's who and what's what.

15 MR. DARDEN:

Well, now we know. I mean, I think now the record indicates that everyone before Mr. Hodge was Caucasian. And the Defense chose the order of their witnesses. They knew apparently--well, I noticed, I'm sure they noticed the racial make-up of each witness they called today. Do we have to have a certain number of witnesses from certain ethnic or racial groups? Having chose the order of witnesses that they selected, to come to the court now and say, "Hey, we need to have an African American testify to this" I think is unfair. I think it's unnecessary. I think it's cumulative. As I said before, the words came in. We let them come in, Judge. We didn't fight it. You know, we fought our battle under 352 and in 402's and before the court, and when it came time to present this testimony before the jury, we let it come. This is enough. There is still the issue of the mini trial of Mr. Hodge, and it's going to take I believe well beyond this afternoon. If Mr. Cochran is 20 minutes with Mr. Hodge, we will be here until 5:30 on cross.

16 THE COURT:

Well, why would you do that? Why would the Prosecution do that? Why wouldn't the Prosecution just say, "Gee, Mr. Hodge, you found it insulting? Gee, that's horrible. Thank you very much. Goodbye"?

17 MR. DARDEN:

Well, we gave the court some information under 1054.7. That's why.

18 THE COURT:

I understand that. But given what you're dealing with at this point--but I'm more interested in Mr. Cochran's proffer that this is the only African American who is going to be offered who is going to say that, "Mr. Fuhrman referred to me in this way, under these circumstances."

19 MR. DARDEN:

Well, as my colleagues have pointed out to me, if he was so important to the Defense, why then didn't they call him earlier? I mean, you mentioned to the Defense and have over the past several days the issue--the 352 issue as to whether or not some of this testimony is cumulative.

20 THE COURT:

I have given them pretty good warning that at some point in time, it will be redundant.

21 MR. DARDEN:

Yeah. You know, you put me in an awful position when you ask me to argue to you why an African American shouldn't be allowed to testify in front of this jury, Judge.

KEY QUOTE
22 THE COURT:

Well, Mr. Darden, sincerely, I apologize to you for putting you in that position. But you're a professional. I--you know, you and I have known each other for years and years and years. I know you've up to it. I know that I--this think is a tremendous burden that's placed upon you and I don't envy your position, but nor do I envy my own.

KEY QUOTE
23 MR. DARDEN:

You know how it feels. But I would say this. That I have some doubt that what he says occurred, and so I feel ethically and morally bound to cross-examine him on those issues. But there are issues of whether or not he was arrested and acquitted and all kinds of other things, on whether Fuhrman is the arresting officer or the transporting officer. There's all kinds of issues that have to be dealt with, your Honor. Then we have to call other people to follow up on this stuff. I mean, you know, Marcia Clark and Cheri Lewis and I, you know, we don't like these words, you know--

24 THE COURT:

Well, let me ask another interesting question. Mr. Cochran, do you have an arrest report to support this incident?

25 MR. COCHRAN:

No, I don't, your Honor. I don't have an arrest report. I talked to this witness. He has a lawyer who is present and--

26 THE COURT:

Do you have a court file that--you said that there was a--that the subsequent arrest and Prosecution resulted in an acquittal?

27 MR. COCHRAN:

No, I don't have it. I have the Defendant himself who said he was a former Defendant, that he was arrested for--

28 THE COURT:

No. I'm just asking.

29 MR. COCHRAN:

No, I don't. I have the Defendant, former Defendant, and the lawyer himself, your Honor.

30 THE COURT:

The lawyer who defended him in that case?

31 MR. COCHRAN:

No. His present lawyer. He now lives in another state. He's been out here for over a week. Can I respond just briefly, your Honor?

32 THE COURT:

No. Why don't you answer my--

33 MR. COCHRAN:

No.

34 THE COURT:

I'm not done discussing the matter with Mr. Darden.

35 MR. COCHRAN:

Okay. No, I don't have the court file.

36 MR. BAILEY:

We'll make a copy.

37 MR. COCHRAN:

Maybe the lawyer does.

38 MR. DARDEN:

Well, let's see what they have. I guess today is race day.

KEY QUOTE
39 (Brief pause.)
40 MR. COCHRAN:

All I have is a couple pages of an arrest report indicating Fuhrman as one of the arresting officers.

41 THE COURT:

All right. May I see that, please?

42 MR. DARDEN:

May I explain to the court my understanding of that issue?

43 THE COURT:

Let me see what the arrest report says.

44 MR. BAILEY:

Excuse me, your Honor. Would you like me to print that page?

45 THE COURT:

Which?

46 MR. BAILEY:

18899.

47 THE COURT:

No. I am quite familiar with it. Ah, a phone.

48 MR. DARDEN:

Take it. Take it. It's Betty Goldman's phone. Take it, Judge.

49 THE COURT:

It was.

50 MR. DARDEN:

May I see what the court is looking at?

51 THE COURT:

I'm sorry?

52 MR. DARDEN:

Can I see?

53 THE COURT:

Certainly.

54 MR. COCHRAN:

May I address the court in this regard?

55 THE COURT:

Let Mr. Darden peruse the report.

56 MR. COCHRAN:

Sure.

57 (Brief pause.)
58 MR. DARDEN:

This report is not dated and Mr. Hodge is listed as an outstanding suspect in the report. He's not listed as having been arrested.

59 THE COURT:

The DR number though indicates it's an `87 incident.

60 MR. DARDEN:

It is an `87 incident.

61 THE COURT:

Yes.

62 MR. DARDEN:

Can I explain to the court my understanding of what happened here? As I understand it, officers other than Officer Fuhrman observed Mr. Hodge sell cocaine to a gentleman named Thompson.

63 MR. COCHRAN:

Your Honor, I object to that because this man was acquitted of that and it's unfair to him to say that in court. This man was acquitted and I think that's unfair.

64 THE COURT:

Overruled.

65 MR. DARDEN:

And he has been acquitted. If I could just continue. That was the allegation. The officers moved in to arrest Mr. Hodge and Mr. Thompson. Mr. Hodge fled. As he fled, he apparently encountered Officer Fuhrman, knocking Fuhrman to the ground. Hodge got away and was listed as an outstanding suspect on this 11352 arrest report. Mr. Thompson and Mr. Hodge were later prosecuted and Mr. Hodge was acquitted of the narcotics sales. Officer Fuhrman did not testify in the narcotics case because he was not a witness to the alleged transaction, okay. So that Mr. Hodge was acquitted at trial on the narcotics violation is irrelevant. In fact, Mr. Fuhrman was not listed as a witness by the Prosecution in that matter.

66 THE COURT:

All right. Does the District Attorney have a file in this case?

67 MR. DARDEN:

I have a file on Hodge and Thompson, yes.

68 MR. COCHRAN:

May I be heard now, your Honor?

69 THE COURT:

Hold on. Then this was an arrest warrant situation with Mr. Hodge?

70 MR. DARDEN:

Yeah. It was an arrest warrant situation. This transaction, the narcotics transaction occurred on January 10 as I recall. He was arrested on the 13th.

71 THE COURT:

And that's as a result of an arrest warrant?

72 MR. DARDEN:

I believe so.

73 THE COURT:

And, Mr. Cochran, it's then at that point in time it's alleged that Detective Fuhrman said to Mr. Hodge, "Aha, I told you we'd get you."

74 MR. COCHRAN:

Yes, your Honor. May I put it in perspective for you? What happened was, Mr. Hodge knew Mr. Fuhrman very, very well. He stopped him over 20 times, harassing him, messing with him, and he had called and made complaints about it. They would stop him all the time. Stopped him once on a bicycle. Stopped him on this occasion. He never knew it was Fuhrman that he ran into. In fact, he was charged with battering a police officer. Now, don't you think if they could make that case, that he ran into this officer intentionally, he would have been charged with a crime? That charge was dismissed. That's what happened. When he arrested him on this occasion and he had him spread eagle in an alleyway, and Fuhrman and his partner walked up and lifted him up by his handcuffs and took him and put him in their car, took him to jail and turned back and said, "I told you I would get you," so and so, with a racial slur. And then when he--so I mean, it's absolutely clear. They can try to hide all this. They can ask him whatever they want to ask. But this is the one witness that we have who has been confronted by this man, who had contact with him, who can testify, your Honor, to how this man acted in the streets vis-à-vis him. And I agree it's irrelevant and immaterial what happened at the trial. I don't plan to bring out he was acquitted unless they want to go into that. I don't want to go into that. I told you what I wanted to go into, your Honor.

75 MR. DARDEN:

Wasn't that offer of proof different from the ones we've heard so far? We've heard so far something at the jail and something in the car. Now, we have something at the scene where he's lifted up--

76 THE COURT:

No. My understanding of the material aspect of the offer was that at the time of the arrest, while in the car, while in the police car, while Mr. Hodge was back in the custody section of the patrol car, Detective Fuhrman turned to him and said, "I told you we'd get you," et cetera. That's the offer of proof that I heard thus far.

77 MR. COCHRAN:

That's right, your Honor.

78 THE COURT:

Also heard the bending over incident.

79 MR. COCHRAN:

Strip search at the jail, strip search at the jail later. Recall that?

80 THE COURT:

I recall that. I don't know that it's necessarily material to anything.

81 MR. COCHRAN:

I just wanted to make sure we did talk about that also.

82 THE COURT:

Yes, we did talk about that.

83 MR. DARDEN:

Then there's the matter of his numerous contact with law enforcement, and doesn't appear all those contacts involve Detective Fuhrman. Those are issues to cross-examine him on. The 20 to 25 contacts that Mr. Cochran has alluded to today, there appears to be no record of all of those contacts between he and Detective Fuhrman.

84 THE COURT:

How do you--

85 MR. DARDEN:

And then there's the 1054.7 package we gave the court.

86 THE COURT:

Well, that may become germaine in impeachment. Then we turn into the trial of Mr. Hodge.

87 MR. DARDEN:

Trial no. 3.

88 MR. COCHRAN:

May I respond, your Honor?

89 THE COURT:

Well, I'm just musing at this point. All right. Mr. Cochran.

90 MR. COCHRAN:

Yes. So we can get right to this. We're trying to get this testimony up, your Honor. Since we began our case six weeks ago, they've objected to every witness we've ever called. This is nothing new. We made you the offer of proof. We spelled it out as much as we can. They have what we have. I can't control what they do in cross-examination. We welcome their cross-examination. We welcome to spend the next couple hours with this jury if they want to do it. The relevant portion is this witness they're trying to protect refer to this man by the "N" word. It's inappropriate. He's an African American. We should have the right to do that. He's the one witness, and it goes directly to impeach what he said to Bailey. And the other things, I'm not that worried about. The other trial, I'm not worried about. We're trying to cut through this and get to McKinny and get to the end of this case, Judge. That's all we're trying to do. And I indicated to you in the best world, you give me a ruling, I could do this and I'd have Hodge come after her because we want to make certain points to you on McKinny. But as I said, I would be willing to be governed by what you would order in this regard.

91 MR. DARDEN:

Your Honor, they could have put Mr. Hodge on last week.

92 MR. COCHRAN:

Let me address that. Yes, I could have called Hodge. They said why don't we call Hodge. I was going to call Hodge on Friday. And then you'll recall, your Honor, you started talking about cumulative, and that's why I specifically got this particular excerpt from the transcript, to point out to your Honor exactly why this is relevant. Yes, we had Hodge here. Hodge came here from Chicago, Judge. He's been here like over a week because we don't want to run out of witnesses. Yes, we could have called him. We could have called Singer. We could have called Terry. But the court did indicate to us at some point this would become cumulative. And as you recall, we listened. And so we're trying to fashion this in a fashion now so it's no longer you think it's cumulative and redundant so we can resolve this point. These are the last two witnesses in this area. Hodge stands by himself, and you know the situation with McKinny and we need hearings before we get to McKinny.

93 MR. DARDEN:

Judge, are you going to let Miss McKinny testify that he used the word 41 times? Now--

94 MR. COCHRAN:

Judge, can I say something? This is their witness. We didn't make this up. This is their witness. So now they're stuck with it. Can't we just get this on and stop all this whining? Let's get it over with, can't we?

95 MR. DARDEN:

You know, the Goldman's and Brown's have rights too.

96 MR. COCHRAN:

That's preposterous. Do we to hear this every few minutes?

97 THE COURT:

Wait, wait, wait, wait. All right. You propose to present Mr. Hodge, and then you want to argue the motion on the scope of McKinny?

98 MR. COCHRAN:

Yes. And the motion for reconsideration that I think the court is aware of which all ties in. And then we'll be ready to proceed on that. And I think you got our papers. They filed something. And that's it. I think that will take us to the end of the day.

99 MR. DARDEN:

Judge, if they insist on going on with this racial business, I think it would only be fair that the court require them to call McKinny now so that we can then take up the 352 issue again as to Hodge. I mean, at some point, it is cumulative.

100 MR. COCHRAN:

They argued already, your Honor.

101 MR. DARDEN:

Well, we have argued already. Now they want you to reconsider the past arguments, the P's and A's and proffer and submissions.

102 THE COURT:

See, they're gambling too that I'm not going to find McKinny cumulative at that point since I haven't heard Hodge.

103 MR. COCHRAN:

Judge, you just heard me say however--did you hear me say, however, the best of the situation, I want you to rule on Hodge and I wanted to call McKinny first. I said that very clearly, your Honor. So it's not much of a gamble if I get the ruling, we'll move ahead. I pared it down. We're trying to try this case and get it over with. That's it.

104 MR. DARDEN:

I'm sorry. Why are we arguing Hodge now if McKinny is coming first?

105 MR. COCHRAN:

Because the court will recall why I said that in the beginning. Because I said that once you gave us the ruling, we'd know how we finish out the day and be ready to come back tomorrow, whatever we got left, and that this would make it a lot easier, because I said, if you felt this jury needed to hear something else, I would move Hodge up if you felt that. But in the best of all worlds, I wanted Hodge after McKinny. I thought I made it very clear. I said that a number of times, your Honor. I would like to be able to proceed, your Honor.

106 MR. DARDEN:

Judge, this is all collateral. Isn't genocide enough? Isn't having witnesses testified that Mark Fuhrman--

107 THE COURT:

Well, counsel, would you do me one favor though? The argument, the only argument that Mr. Cochran has made that has any merit to it is the fact that Mr. Hodge is an African American. This is--and this is the only individual that they have proffered to whom this was said by Detective Fuhrman.

108 MR. DARDEN:

And the probative value, the fact that Mr. Hodge is African American is what given what we have heard already? Okay. I think it would be apparent to the jury that Mr. Hodge is included in all of the--in the genocide and all the other things that Detective Fuhrman allegedly said and was testified to here in court. Okay. What is the probative value of that?

109 MR. COCHRAN:

May I answer that, your Honor? The probative value is that it's directly impeaching of Detective Fuhrman. I want to deal with this on a legal basis. All this emotion kind of goes by the way side. This is impeaching of their witness, and that's all we're asking to do, your Honor. It's impeaching, and you can cut right though the chase and to the argument issues here, and that's the issue. We have a right to do that. And that's all we're asking to do. I would just ask you to allow us to do it after McKinny however.

110 MR. DARDEN:

We have all but conceded the issue, Judge.

111 THE COURT:

All but. All right. My inclination at this point, because it is a statement that is directly contradictory, what was testified to, is to allow that statement in the police car period. The fact of the arrest, fact of prior acquaintanceship, prior contacts upon the arrest in January of `87 in the police car, this statement was made period. All right? That's the ruling.

KEY QUOTE
112 MR. DARDEN:

May we--

113 THE COURT:

Who is your next witness?

114 MR. COCHRAN:

Given that, can we now argue the motion on McKinny, save some time? We would like to proceed with Dean Uelmen with regard to Miss McKinny.

115 (Discussion held off the record between Defense counsel.)
116 MR. COCHRAN:

My colleagues are telling me we'll call Hodge first. We'll proceed.

117 THE COURT:

All right. Do you have your package on Hodge, Mr. Darden. I'm addressing Mr. Darden. Do you have your package on Mr. Hodge?

118 MS. LEWIS:

We do have two boxes. We didn't bring all but two to court.

119 THE COURT:

We also had your representation, Mr. Cochran, you were going to call McKinny. So let's go with McKinny. I'm not going to wait for them to bring down all their boxes.

120 MR. COCHRAN:

Before we call McKinny, will the court listen to Mr. Uelmen?

121 THE COURT:

All right. Mr. Uelmen.

Temperature

tense

Key Quotes (5)

Christopher Darden
I've heard that term more by Mr. Bailey than any other white individual I've ever heard it from in my entire life.
Explosive personal statement illustrating Darden's distress at the courtroom atmosphere around racial language, directed at F. Lee Bailey.
Christopher Darden
You know, you put me in an awful position when you ask me to argue to you why an African American shouldn't be allowed to testify in front of this jury, Judge.
Rare moment of raw candor from a prosecutor about the racial dynamics of the case and his own uncomfortable position.
Lance A. Ito
Well, Mr. Darden, sincerely, I apologize to you for putting you in that position. But you're a professional. I--you know, you and I have known each other for years and years and years.
Highly unusual judicial expression of personal sympathy to a litigant; reveals the human cost of the trial's racial dimensions.
Christopher Darden
I guess today is race day.
Bitter, unguarded aside capturing Darden's frustration with the day's proceedings.
Lance A. Ito
My inclination at this point, because it is a statement that is directly contradictory, what was testified to, is to allow that statement in the police car period.
The ruling that resolves the Hodge admissibility fight — narrowly scoped to Fuhrman's alleged statement during transport.

Evidence (4)

Informal
1987 arrest report (DR number indicating '87 incident) listing Hodge as outstanding suspect in a narcotics case; Fuhrman named as an officer
reviewed by judge and Darden in open court; used to assess foundation for Hodge's testimony
Informal
Transcript page 18899 — Bailey's specific question to Fuhrman about using the N-word
cited by Cochran as controlling authority for Hodge's impeachment value; Bailey offers to print it, judge declines
Informal
Prosecution's 1054.7 package on Hodge and Thompson
referenced by Darden as basis for cross-examination; not yet entered
Informal
Scheck letter memorandum re: sanctions for failing to disclose/permit creation of contact prints; proposed jury instruction
served on prosecution and court; submitted for ruling

Notable Exchanges (4)

Christopher DardenLance A. Ito
Darden tells the judge he's been put in an impossible position arguing against an African American witness; Ito interrupts to personally apologize, acknowledging the burden placed on Darden.
emotional
Johnnie CochranChristopher Darden
Darden argues Hodge's testimony is cumulative and that 'genocide' testimony already before the jury is sufficient; Cochran retorts 'Can't we just get this on and stop all this whining?' and calls Darden's victim-family invocation 'preposterous.'
heated
Lance A. ItoChristopher Darden
Judge asks why the prosecution would conduct extensive cross of Hodge rather than a brief acknowledgment; Darden explains the 1054.7 issues require it, while the judge muses about the proceedings becoming 'trial no. 3.'
strategic
Lance A. ItoJohnnie CochranChristopher Darden
Judge narrows the admissible Hodge testimony to solely the statement made in the police car — 'I told you we'd get you' — rejecting the broader narrative of repeated stops and the jail strip search as not material.
procedural

Light Moments (2)

Christopher Darden
A phone rings in court. Darden tells the judge: 'Take it. Take it. It's Betty Goldman's phone. Take it, Judge.' Ito confirms he did take it: 'It was.'
F. Lee Bailey
Bailey offers to print transcript page 18899 for the judge; Ito declines — 'I am quite familiar with it.'

Credibility Attacks (1)

⚔ Ricky Hodge
prior criminal record, inconsistent offers of proof, lack of documentation
Darden argues Hodge's account has shifted (scene vs. car vs. jail), that he has no verified record of 20+ Fuhrman contacts, that Fuhrman was not even a witness in the narcotics trial, and that the 1054.7 package raises additional impeachment issues.

Objections

1 objections (0 sustained, 1 overruled)
Proceeding 7499 • 121 utterances
Criminal Trial
Department 103
⚖️ Start
📂 SEP 5, 1995 📄 Witness and motions discussion
SEP 5, 1995 KRT DvH TD