📄 Motion: opening statement exhibit objections — Monday, January 23, 1995
Address:
C:\DEPT103\CRIMINAL\1995\JAN\23\MOTION-OPENING-STATEMENT-EXHIB.DOC
TRIAL
▲ Day 4 of 167

Motion: opening statement exhibit objections

Date: Monday, January 23, 1995 • Utterances: 153
Before opening statements began, defense attorney Carl Douglas raised objections to prosecution crime scene photographs and phenolphthalein (pheno) test photos from OJ Simpson's bathroom. Judge Ito reviewed the contested exhibits on his monitor (with camera feeds cut) and overruled objections to crime scene photos P-35 and P-44, finding they showed distinct evidentiary perspectives. However, he sustained the defense objection to photos depicting pheno testing of Simpson's bathroom drain and basin, ordering them excluded from opening statements pending a formal 402 hearing.
1 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. I ALSO UNDERSTAND THAT THERE ARE A NUMBER OF OBJECTIONS THE COURT NEEDS TO RULE UPON CONCERNING THE EXHIBITS, PROPOSED EXHIBITS FOR THE OPENING STATEMENTS, CORRECT? ALL RIGHT. EXCUSE ME JUST A SECOND. MR. HILL.

2 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN THE COURT AND THE LAW CLERK.)
3 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. MR. DOUGLAS, ARE YOU GOING TO HANDLE THIS MATTER?

4 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, YES, MAY WE APPROACH ON THIS MATTER?

5 THE COURT:

SURE.

6 (THE FOLLOWING PROCEEDINGS WERE HELD AT THE BENCH:)
7 THE COURT:

OKAY. MR. DOUGLAS.

8 MR. DOUGLAS:

MY OBJECTIONS, OR THE REASON THAT I'M APPROACHING IS TWO-FOLD: ON THE ONE HAND, I WOULD LIKE TO LODGE OBJECTIONS TO SOME OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS THAT THE PROSECUTION INTENDS TO USE IN THEIR OPENING STATEMENT. AND SECONDLY, I WOULD LIKE TO APPROACH TO ADVISE THE COURT THAT THERE NEEDS TO BE, PRIOR TO THE BEGINNING OF OUR OPENING STATEMENT, AN OPPORTUNITY FOR THE PROSECUTION TO REVIEW ALL OF OUR GRAPHICS AND TO REVIEW SOME OF OUR BOARDS. REGRETTABLY, ALL OF OUR GRAPHICS AND SOME OF OUR BOARDS WERE NOT COMPLETED BY LAST FRIDAY WHEN WE HAD THE MUTUAL EXCHANGE. THERE WERE SOME CHANGES THAT WE MADE ON SOME OF THEM. THERE WERE SOME THAT WERE ADDED, THERE HAS BEEN SOME FINE TUNING THAT OCCURRED EVEN LAST NIGHT. AND I DO NOT WANT TO NOT GIVE THE PEOPLE THE ADEQUATE OPPORTUNITY TO REVIEW OUR BOARDS. PERHAPS AN HOUR WOULD BE TIME.

9 THE COURT:

I HAVE THE FEELING, MISS CLARK, THAT YOU WILL GET US TO THE LUNCH HOUR JUST WARMING UP. THAT IS A GOOD SUGGESTION, THAT WE LOOK AT THOSE OVER THE LUNCH HOUR.

10 MS. CLARK:

WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO IN THE MEANTIME?

11 THE COURT:

THEIR EXHIBITS WE ARE GOING TO LOOK AT.

12 MS. CLARK:

I WOULD LIKE TO LOOK AT THEM BEFORE WE STAND UP. I THINK THAT -- YOU KNOW, I WOULD LIKE TO RESOLVE WHAT IS GOING TO BE PRESENTED TO THE JURY, IF WE COULD, BEFORE WE BEGIN OPENING STATEMENTS, BECAUSE I THINK IT IS -- FIRST OF ALL, WE ARE GOING TO WIND UP JUST DOING ARGUMENT ON WHAT OURS ARE? THE COURT NEEDS TO SEE BALANCE HERE. THIS IS REAL UNFAIR, YOUR HONOR. WHEN I TALKED TO MR. DOUGLAS SATURDAY THERE WERE ABOUT TWENTY LESS EXHIBITS THAN THEY BROUGHT IN HERE, AND WE WERE SUPPOSED TO HAVE AN EXHIBIT EXCHANGE AHEAD OF TIME SO THAT WE WOULD KNOW WHAT WE WERE CONFRONTING. NOW BY SANDBAGGING US AT THE LAST MINUTE THEY ARE JUMPING AND THROWING --

13 THE COURT:

SO YOU WANT TO SEE THEM BEFORE YOU MAKE THE OPENING STATEMENT?

14 MS. CLARK:

I SURE DO, AND THAT IS WHAT THE COURT INTENDED WHEN IT ASKED FOR THE EXHIBIT EXCHANGE AHEAD OF TIME.

15 MR. DOUGLAS:

SO THE COURT UNDERSTANDS, THE EXHIBITS ARE DEMONSTRATIVE WHICH ARE GOING TO BE USED TO ILLUSTRATE PORTIONS OF OPENING STATEMENT THAT ARE GIVEN.

THE OPENING STATEMENTS ARE GOING TO BE GIVEN WHETHER OR NOT THE EXHIBITS ARE HERE OR NOT HERE, SO I'M NOT SURE, ALTHOUGH I DON'T WANT TO PRECLUDE MISS CLARK FROM KNOWING WHAT OUR BOARDS ARE, I'M JUST TRYING TO BALANCE THE COURT'S TIME AND TIME THAT IS AVAILABLE, BUT WHETHER OR NOT A PARTICULAR PICTURE, FOR EXAMPLE, IS OBJECTIONABLE OR NOT DOESN'T MEAN THAT MR. COCHRAN OR WHOMEVER IS SPEAKING IS GOING TO ALTER --

16 THE COURT:

LET'S TAKE THIS FROM THE TOP. SINCE THE PROSECUTION GOES FIRST, WHAT ARE YOUR OBJECTIONS TO THE PEOPLE'S EXHIBITS?

17 MR. DOUGLAS:

MY OBJECTION TO THE PEOPLE'S EXHIBITS? TWO AREAS, AND THAT DEALS WITH PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE CRIME SCENE.

18 THE COURT:

OKAY.

19 MR. DOUGLAS:

AS I RECALL, THERE ARE FIVE PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE VICTIM SIMPSON, ONE TAKEN OUTSIDE THE YELLOW TAPE AS IF IT WERE TAKEN FROM THE STREET AREA AND IT LOOKS DOWN THE WALKWAY AND SHOWS THE BODY LAYING THERE. THERE WAS ANOTHER PICTURE THAT IS TAKEN PERHAPS MIDWAY THROUGH THE WALKWAY AND A CLOSER VIEW OF THE SAME SCENE. THERE IS ANOTHER PICTURE TAKEN WHICH IS AGAIN A CLOSER VIEW OF THE SAME SCENE. I BELIEVE THERE IS A FOURTH PICTURE TAKEN WHICH IS AGAIN A CLOSE-UP OF THE SAME SCENE. THERE IS THEN A FIFTH PICTURE TAKEN WHICH IS FROM ABOVE LOOKING DOWN AT THE HEAD SHOWING ALL OF THE BLOOD. I RECOGNIZE THAT THIS IS A MURDER CASE AND I RECOGNIZE THAT THERE ARE DEAD BODIES IN MURDER CASES; HOWEVER, I DO BELIEVE IT PRUDENT FOR THE COURT TO EXERCISE SOME DISCRETION IN LIMITING THE NUMBER AND THE GRAPHICNESS AND ELIMINATING THOSE PICTURES THAT ARE FAR MORE GRAPHIC. THERE ARE AT LEAST THREE OR FOUR, I THINK THREE, PERHAPS FOUR, PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE GOLDMAN BODY. AGAIN I REALIZE THAT THIS IS A MURDER CASE AND THERE IS PROBATIVE VALUE TO EXPLAINING THE LOCATION OF THE BODIES. THERE ARE OTHER DIAGRAMS THAT THEY ARE GOING TO OFFER WHERE THERE WILL BE A SKETCH SHOWING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO BODIES, WHERE THEY ARE OUTLINED, TO WHICH I DO NOT OBJECT. BUT I DO NOT THINK THERE IS THE NEED FOR FOUR DIFFERENT PHOTOGRAPHS TO BE USED AT THIS POINT. I THINK IT CUMULATIVE. I THINK IT MORE THAN PROBATIVE. I WAS WILLING, FOR EXAMPLE, TO ACCEPT THE FIRST PICTURE FOR THE OVERVIEW AND THE THIRD PICTURE OF MISS SIMPSON. I WAS WILLING, FOR EXAMPLE, TO ACCEPT TWO OF THE FOUR PICTURES OF MR. GOLDMAN, BUT I DO NOT THINK, IN FAIRNESS TO THE DEFENDANT, THAT THERE NEEDS TO BE THE CUMULATIVE NATURE OF ALL OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS. THEY ARE ON GRAPHICS. THEY CAN EASILY BE SCANNED OR VOIDED.

20 THE COURT:

EXCUSE ME.

21 (THE FOLLOWING PROCEEDINGS WERE HELD IN OPEN COURT:)
22 THE COURT:

COUNSEL, WE ARE IN SESSION.

23 (THE FOLLOWING PROCEEDINGS WERE HELD AT THE BENCH:)
24 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT.

25 MR. DOUGLAS:

THEY ARE ON GRAPHICS, THEY ARE ALL BAR CODED SO THAT THEY CAN VOID 1 OR VOID 50, DEPENDING ON THE COURT'S RULING, BUT I DO THINK THE COURT SHOULD EXERCISE SOME DISCRETION.

26 THE COURT:

WELL, IT IS HARD FOR ME TO DO THAT WITHOUT LOOKING AT THEM. ALL RIGHT. SO YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT ROUGHLY PERHAPS NINE PHOTOS THAT THE PROSECUTION HAS SHOWN YOU THAT YOU OBJECT TO, CORRECT?

27 MR. DOUGLAS:

YES. I DON'T OBJECT TO THEM AS A THRESHOLD MATTER. I WOULD OBJECT TO SIX OF THE NINE.

28 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. MISS CLARK, CAN YOU BRING THOSE UP AND SHOW THEM TO ME?

29 MS. CLARK:

IN SOME FORM I CAN. THIS IS WEIRD. WE HAVE -- WE HAVE THEM READY TO BE SCANNED IN, YOU KNOW WHAT I MEAN, FOR THE SCREEN, BUT THEY ARE TINY. WHAT I HAVE IS A REPRESENTATION TO SHOW THE COURT RIGHT NOW IS A VERY TINY THING.

30 THE COURT:

I HAVE A MONITOR SCREEN HERE. I CAN LOOK AT IT.

31 MS. CLARK:

OH, GREAT. LET'S DO THAT.

32 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT.

33 MS. CLARK:

LET ME SAY TO THE COURT, BEFORE I ACTUALLY ADDRESS THE COURT COMPLETELY ON THEM, THAT THERE ARE MANY, MANY MORE PHOTOGRAPHS AT THE CRIME SCENE THAT ARE FAR MORE GRUESOME THAN WHAT WE HAVE USED. WE TOOK THE MOST CONSERVATIVE VIEW THAT WE COULD. AND WHAT WE DID IS WE TOOK DIFFERENT POSITIONS SO THE JURY COULD SEE THE JUXTAPOSITION OF THE VICTIM AT THE CRIME SCENE, THE CORRELATION OF ALL OF THE EVIDENCE TO THEM, SO LET ME LET THE COURT LOOK AND TALK MORE.

34 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT.

35 (THE FOLLOWING PROCEEDINGS WERE HELD IN OPEN COURT:)
36 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. COUNSEL, LET ME ADVISE OUR EVIDENCE PRESENTATION PEOPLE THAT THERE IS AN OBJECTION TO PERHAPS TEN OF THE EXHIBITS THAT THE PROSECUTION WISHES TO PRESENT DURING THE COURSE OF OPENING STATEMENTS. I NEED TO VIEW THOSE HERE ON MY MONITOR SCREEN. WHAT DO YOU SUGGEST I DO AS FAR AS -- BECAUSE THESE ARE NOT FOR DISSEMINATION AT THIS POINT. CAN WE ACCOMPLISH THAT, MR. REITER?

37 MR. REITER:

YES. DO COUNSEL NEED TO SEE THEM AS WELL ON THEIR MONITOR?

38 THE COURT:

I BELIEVE SO.

39 MR. REITER:

THEN THEY CAN BRING THEM UP WHENEVER THE PROSECUTION IS READY AND IT WILL JUST BE ON THOSE THREE MONITORS.

40 THE COURT:

FINE.

41 MR. HODGMAN:

YOUR HONOR, DO YOU WANT THOSE ON THE TABLE MONITORS AS WELL?

42 MR. BAILEY:

WE CAN SHUT THOSE DOWN.

43 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. I'M ALSO GOING TO DIRECT THE STILL PHOTOGRAPHERS NOT TO ATTEMPT TO TAKE ANY PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE COURT'S MONITOR, AS WELL AS THE T.V. CAMERA.

44 MR. REITER:

JUDGE ITO, WE WILL HAVE TO CUT THE VIDEO FEED OFF FROM YOUR SWITCH.

45 MR. HODGMAN:

AND JUDGE, WITH REGARD TO THE TABLE MONITORS, YOU ARE THE ONLY ONE THAT REALLY NEEDS TO SEE THEM?

46 THE COURT:

CORRECT.

47 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
48 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. I SEE WHAT APPEARS TO BE AN ALLEYWAY IN THE BACK OF THE BUILDING. IS THIS A TEST PHOTO?

49 MS. CLARK:

IT SHOULD NOT BE SHOWN UP THERE, RIGHT.

50 THE COURT:

THAT IS CORRECT.

51 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
52 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. WHAT IS THE PEOPLE'S IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THIS PHOTOGRAPH?

53 MS. CLARK:

PEOPLE'S I.D. NO. P-40.

54 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. NEXT. WHAT IS THE PEOPLE'S IDENTIFICATION NUMBER?

55 MS. CLARK:

P-35.

56 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
57 MR. DOUGLAS:

I OBJECT TO THAT ONE, YOUR HONOR.

58 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. NEXT. WHAT IS THE NUMBER?

59 MS. CLARK:

P-113.

60 THE COURT:

113?

61 MS. CLARK:

YES, YOUR HONOR.

62 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
63 THE COURT:

NEXT.

64 MS. CLARK:

P-44.

65 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
66 MS. CLARK:

AND HERE IS ONE THAT I THINK -- I'M NOT SURE WHETHER WE TALKED ABOUT IT SATURDAY.

67 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. NEXT.

68 MS. CLARK:

THAT IS P-417.

69 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. NEXT.

70 MS. CLARK:

LET ME JUST MAKE SURE, YOUR HONOR.

71 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
72 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. COUNSEL, IS THERE ANY PARTICULAR REASON WE NEED TO HEAR THIS ARGUMENT AT SIDE BAR?

73 MS. CLARK:

NOT THAT I KNOW OF.

74 THE COURT:

352 OBJECTION ESSENTIALLY.

75 MS. CLARK:

ALL RIGHT.

76 THE COURT:

I HAVE HEARD THE OBJECTION OF THE DEFENSE. AS TO THESE FIVE ITEMS, MR. DOUGLAS, YOU INDICATED THERE IS NO OBJECTION TO PEOPLE'S 417, WHICH IS THE PHOTOGRAPH OF MR. SIMPSON'S HAND, CORRECT?

77 MR. DOUGLAS:

THAT'S CORRECT, YOUR HONOR.

78 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. SO THE OBJECTIONS ARE TO THE OTHER FOUR. MISS CLARK, I WILL HEAR YOUR ARGUMENT AS TO PEOPLE'S 40.

79 MS. CLARK:

PEOPLE'S, I'M SORRY, 40?

80 THE COURT:

40.

81 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
82 MS. CLARK:

YES. WITH RESPECT TO PEOPLE'S 40, LET ME FIRST PREFACE MY REMARKS WITH THIS, YOUR HONOR. WE HAD SHOWN MR. DOUGLAS --

83 THE COURT:

EXCUSE ME.

84 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, WHEN I WAS SHOWN THE PHOTOGRAPHS ON FRIDAY I WAS SHOWN A LARGER SERIES OF PHOTOGRAPHS. GIVEN THAT THIS IS THE ONE PHOTOGRAPH OF AN EXTENDED SERIES THAT THEY ARE GOING TO OFFER, I WILL NOT OBJECT TO THAT ONE.

85 THE COURT:

PEOPLE'S 40?

86 MR. DOUGLAS:

CORRECT.

87 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. PEOPLE'S 35.

88 MR. DOUGLAS:

I DO OBJECT TO THAT ONE, YOUR HONOR.

89 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. MISS CLARK.

90 MS. CLARK:

YES, YOUR HONOR. ACTUALLY THIS IS A FAR LESS GORY PHOTOGRAPH THAN MANY, MANY, MANY OF THE OTHERS THAT THE PEOPLE HAVE, AND THE VALUE OF IT UNDER 352 IS CLEARLY SHOWN, THE PROBATIVE VALUE THAT IS. WE ARE SHOWING EVIDENCE IN ITS RELATIONSHIP LOCATION, NATURALLY SPEAKING, TO THE VICTIM, THE MANNER IN WHICH THE SPACIAL CONNECTION BETWEEN THEM, AND THE POSITION OF THE ITEMS OF EVIDENCE IN RELATION TO THE VICTIM SO THAT WE CAN SHOW HOW CLOSE AND NARROW THE AREA IS, THE POSITIONS OF EACH OF THE VICTIMS AND THE POSITION OF THE EVIDENCE VIS-A-VIS THOSE VICTIMS. AND THE COURT CAN SEE THAT THAT IS EXACTLY WHAT IS BEING POINTED TO IN THAT PHOTOGRAPH, SO THE PROBATIVE VALUE CLEARLY OUTWEIGHS ANY PREJUDICIAL EFFECT. I WOULD LIKE TO CITE THE COURT AS WELL TO THE CASE OF PEOPLE VERSUS PRIDE, 3 CAL.4TH 195.

91 THE COURT:

WHICH STANDS FOR WHAT PROPOSITION, MISS CLARK?

92 MS. CLARK:

FOR THE ADMISSIBILITY OF A VIDEOTAPE AND --

93 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN THE DEPUTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.)
94 MS. CLARK:

EXCUSE ME, YOUR HONOR.

95 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN THE DEPUTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.)
96 MS. CLARK:

AND PEOPLES VERSUS SIMS, 5 CAL.4TH, 405. BOTH OF THESE CASES I CITED TO THE COURT PRIOR TO SIMS ADDRESS VIDEOTAPES AS WELL AS GRUESOME PHOTOS FOR THE PURPOSE OF ESTABLISHING RELEVANT FACTS IN THE CASE. IN THIS PARTICULAR CASE THE PEOPLE HAVE WEEDED OUT NUMEROUS PHOTOGRAPHS THAT WERE EXTREMELY GRAPHIC IN NATURE IN FAVOR OF THE MORE MINIMALIST APPROACH OF TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS THAT WERE THE LEAST GRAPHIC IN NATURE, BUT STILL CONVEYED THE MESSAGE IN AN EVIDENTIARY SENSE TO INDICATE WHAT WE NEEDED TO IN TERMS OF THE INFORMATION THAT WE ARE TRYING TO GIVE TO THE JURY. SO THE PHOTOGRAPHS THAT THE COURT SEES IS EVEN LESS THAN WHAT MR. DOUGLAS WAS SHOWN ON FRIDAY BECAUSE MR. DOUGLAS INDICATED THERE WOULD BE OBJECTIONS TO TOO MANY OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS THAT THE PEOPLE FELT WERE NOTHING MORE THAN ILLUSTRATIVE OF IMPORTANT INFORMATION AND CERTAINLY NOT UNDULY GRAPHIC. BUT WE EVEN CUT BACK FROM THAT SO WHAT THE COURT IS SEEING HERE IS THE MOST MINIMUM, IS THE VERY BAREST MINIMUM THAT THE PEOPLE NEED TO SHOW TO EXPLAIN TO THE JURY WHERE EVIDENCE WAS LOCATED AND WHERE THE VICTIMS WERE FOUND, IN WHAT POSITION AND IN WHAT RELATIONSHIP TO EACH OTHER.

97 THE COURT:

MR. DOUGLAS IS OBVIOUSLY GOING TO ARGUE THAT WE COULD DEPICT THAT BY A DIAGRAM WITHOUT HAVING A BLOODY CRIME SCENE PHOTO.

98 MS. CLARK:

WE REALLY CAN'T. THIS CRIME SCENE IS VERY DIFFICULT TO DEPICT, EVEN IN PHOTOGRAPHS, AND WE ARE GOING TO HAVE A JURY VIEWING FOR THAT REASON, BUT PHOTOGRAPHS ARE CERTAINLY BETTER THAN A DIAGRAM. WE TRIED TO DEPICT IT IN A DIAGRAM AND IT DOESN'T EXPLAIN AND IT DOESN'T SHOW THE JURY CLEARLY ENOUGH WHAT WE ARE TRYING TO CONVEY TO THEM. AND THERE IS NOTHING THAT IS MORE EXPLANATORY, NOTHING MORE READILY ACCEPTABLE OR UNDERSTANDABLE TO A JURY THAN A PHOTOGRAPH. THAT IS WHY WE'VE HAD THEM. THAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THEM. DIAGRAMS CAN ONLY CONVEY SO MUCH, BUT THE ACTUAL ITEM ITSELF, THE PHOTOGRAPH OF IT, IS MUCH MORE INFORMATIVE, IS SIMPLY MORE INFORMATIVE THAN A DIAGRAM. WE DO ATTEMPT TO USE DIAGRAMS AS WELL, BUT IT SIMPLY DOES NOT HAVE THE FORCE AND IMPACT THAT A PHOTOGRAPH DOES. THAT IS WHY COUNSEL IS OBJECTING TO IT. THAT IS EXACTLY THE POINT, YOUR HONOR. IF A DIAGRAM WAS AS GOOD AS A PHOTOGRAPH OR WAS THE SAME AS A PHOTOGRAPH, COUNSEL WOULDN'T OBJECT TO THE PHOTOGRAPHS. THE POINT IS THAT THE PEOPLE ARE TRYING TO EXPLAIN SOMETHING TO THE JURY AND WE NEED TO DO IT IN THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY POSSIBLE.

99 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN THE DEPUTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.)
100 MS. CLARK:

NOT ONLY THAT, YOUR HONOR, I WILL SAY THIS: THE PHOTOGRAPHS WE ARE USING ARE REALLY THE MOST MINIMAL IN TERMS OF GRAPHIC IMPACT. NEVERTHELESS, THE PEOPLE'S POSITION IS THAT WE WOULD BE ENTITLED TO SHOW PHOTOGRAPHS FAR MORE GRAPHIC THAN THAT BECAUSE IT IS RELEVANT TO MALICE AND TO INTENT WHICH IS OBVIOUSLY WHAT THE PEOPLE HAVE TO PROVE IN THIS CASE, SO THIS IS THE VERY MOST MINIMAL IMPACT. WE ALSO HAVE SHOWN IN --

101 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. MISS CLARK, WOULD YOU ADDRESS PEOPLE'S 113, THE PHOTOGRAPH OF RONALD GOLDMAN.

102 MS. CLARK:

THAT IS TRULY -- I DON'T KNOW WHY -- I WONDER IF THE DEFENSE IS REALLY STILL OBJECTING TO THAT. THAT IS THE ONLY DEPICTION OF THAT VICTIM.

103 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN DEFENSE COUNSEL.)
104 MS. CLARK:

AND IT IS A FAR OFF SHOT. IT IS ABOUT AS MINIMAL AS WE CAN POSSIBLY GET.

105 THE COURT:

WELL, IT IS NOT FAR OFF. IT IS A FULL FRAME.

106 MS. CLARK:

IT IS FULL FRAME BUT THERE ARE CLOSER SHOTS THAT COUNSEL IS AWARE OF THAT WE COULD HAVE USED AND DID NOT, SO I'M GOING TO ASK TO SEE IF COUNSEL STILL OBJECTS TO THIS. IT IS THE ONLY DEPICTION THAT WE HAVE.

107 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, IF MISS CLARK IS SAYING TO THE COURT THAT THAT WILL BE THE ONLY PHOTOGRAPH OF MR. GOLDMAN OR OF THE GOLDMAN BODY THAT SHE IS GOING TO BE USING IN HER OPENING, I RESPECT THAT AND I WOULD ALLOW THAT ONE PHOTOGRAPH TO BE USED.

108 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT.

109 MR. DOUGLAS:

BUT I DO THINK, YOUR HONOR, THAT THE EXHIBIT P-35, AS WELL AS EXHIBIT P-44, ARE FAR MORE PREJUDICIAL --

110 THE COURT:

HOLD ON. LET ME HEAR HER COMMENTS.

111 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, THERE ARE OTHER PHOTOGRAPHS THAT I WAS REMINDED. THAT IS ANOTHER QUESTION.

112 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. MISS CLARK, PEOPLE'S 44. WHAT IS THE RELEVANCE OF THIS PARTICULAR PHOTOGRAPH? WHAT IS THE RELEVANCE AND NECESSITY OF THIS PHOTOGRAPH?

113 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN THE DEPUTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.)
114 MS. CLARK:

WITH RESPECT TO P-44, WE HAVE -- PART OF THE EVIDENCE IN THIS CASE, VERY IMPORTANT EVIDENCE IN THIS CASE ARE THE BLOODY SHOEPRINTS. THERE IS ONE SET OF BLOODY SHOEPRINTS LEAVING THE SCENE OF THE CRIME GOING BACK TO THE REAR ALLEY AND THE BLOOD THAT THE DEFENDANT STEPPED IN TO CREATE THOSE BLOODY SHOEPRINTS IS VERY IMPORTANT EVIDENCE. WE NEED TO SHOW, WITH RESPECT TO THIS PHOTOGRAPH, WE SHOW NOT ONLY THE BLOOD THAT WAS STEPPED IN, ALONG WITH SHOEPRINTS THAT ARE DEPICTED IN THIS PHOTOGRAPH, BUT THE CLOSENESS OF THE ENVELOPE TO THE BODY, SO IT IS A PERSPECTIVE SHOT SHOWING THE -- SHOWING AGAIN AN ARRAY OF EVIDENCE, NOT JUST ONE THING, SO THIS IS A DIFFERENT VIEW SHOWING A DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE AND SHOWING DIFFERENT EVIDENCE, VIS-A-VIS THE BODY. AND ALSO I WOULD INDICATE THAT P-44 SHOWS THE BACK OF THE VICTIM, WHICH IS FAR LESS PREJUDICIAL THAN THE VIEW FROM THE FRONT, SO NONE OF THESE ARE DUPLICATIVE. EVERYTHING -- EVERY SINGLE PHOTOGRAPH THAT I HAVE TALKED ABOUT SHOWS A DIFFERENT VIEW OF EACH OF THE VICTIMS WITH DIFFERENT ITEMS OF EVIDENCE THAT WE ATTEMPT TO DEPICT AND DEMONSTRATE CERTAIN INFORMATION TO THE JURY.

115 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. MR. DOUGLAS, YOUR RESPONSE.

116 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, I RECOGNIZE THAT THIS IS A MURDER CASE AND WITH MURDER CASES THERE ARE DEAD BODIES. I DO THINK, HOWEVER, THAT THE COURT NEEDS TO BALANCE THE PREJUDICIAL IMPACT, THE EMOTIONAL SENSE THAT MANY OF THESE PICTURES WILL ENGENDER IN THE JURY. CERTAINLY I THINK IT INTERESTING THE REASON WHY THE PEOPLE WOULD RATHER HAVE A PHOTOGRAPH THAN A DRAWING, AND I WILL REPRESENT TO THE COURT THAT THERE ARE DRAWINGS WHICH SHOW THE INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO VICTIMS AND IT IS VERY CAPABLE FOR MISS CLARK OR WHOMEVER TO DESCRIBE BASED ON THAT SCHEMATIC DRAWING WHERE THE ENVELOPE WAS, FOR EXAMPLE, WHERE A GLOVE WAS FOUND OR WHATEVER. I THINK THE REASON WHY THEY WANT TO SHOW THE PHOTOGRAPH IS TO -- IS TO GIVE SOME EMOTIONAL TEXTURE TO THE JURY, TO MR. SIMPSON'S DETRIMENT, AND I OBJECT TO THAT, AND I THINK, YOUR HONOR, THAT BOTH PICTURES P-35 AND P-44 ARE CUMULATIVE WHEN TAKEN TOGETHER. BOTH SHOW A VIEW FROM ABOVE NICOLE BROWN SIMPSON, BOTH SHOW HER LAYING IN A FETAL POSITION WITH THEIR BEING BLOOD FLOWING DOWN THE WALKWAY. I THINK CERTAINLY EITHER PICTURE IS ADEQUATELY CAPABLE OF EXEMPLIFYING THE SETTING THAT MISS CLARK WISHES TO OFFER AND I DO NOT THINK IT NECESSARY THAT BOTH BE OFFERED INTO EVIDENCE OR USED IN OPENING STATEMENT.

117 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. MAY I SEE 35 AND 44 IF I COULD AGAIN, PLEASE.

118 MS. CLARK:

OKAY. AND I WOULD LIKE TO ADDRESS THE COURT, IF I MAY, AFTER THE COURT HAS SEEN THEM.

119 THE COURT:

IT SORT OF WORKS --

120 MS. CLARK:

THERE IS SOMETHING ELSE THE COURT NEEDS TO BEAR IN MIND.

121 THE COURT:

COUNSEL, COUNSEL, PLEASE.

122 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
123 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. LET ME SEE 44. ALL RIGHT. THANK YOU.

124 (BRIEF PAUSE.)
125 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. THE OBJECTIONS WILL BE OVERRULED. BOTH OF THOSE PHOTOGRAPHS, 35 AND 44, DEPICT DIFFERENT ITEMS AT THE CRIME SCENE. IT IS CLEAR TO THE COURT THAT THE KEY ISSUES, AT LEAST AS THE CRIME SCENE IS CONCERNED, IS THE COLLECTION OF EVIDENCE AND WHERE THAT EVIDENCE WAS, SO THE OBJECTIONS ARE OVERRULED.

126 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, THERE ARE AT LEAST TWO, IF NOT MORE, OTHER PHOTOGRAPHS THAT ARE GOING TO BE OFFERED, WHICH IS PART OF A VIDEO GRAPHIC. THEY ARE, IN PARTICULAR, PHOTOGRAPHS OF CRIMINALIST FUNG AND MAZZOLLA USING THE PHENO PROCESS ON THE DRAIN IN MR. SIMPSON'S BATHROOM, IN THE SHOWER, AND PARTICULARLY ON THE BASIN IN HIS BATHROOM. I REMIND THE COURT OF THE COURT'S EARLIER RULING THAT THE PHENO TESTING IN AND OF ITSELF WOULD NOT BE ADMITTED INTO EVIDENCE UNLESS THERE WAS FURTHER CORROBORATION THAT WAS GOING TO BE OFFERED AS IT CONCERNS THE DRAIN IN THE SHOWER, AS IT CONCERNS THE DRAIN IN THE BASIN, I DO NOT RECALL THERE BEING ANY PRESUMPTIVE OR SUPPLEMENTAL TEST TO CORROBORATE THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD IN BOTH OF THOSE LOCATIONS. AS THE COURT IS AWARE, HAIRSPRAY, LEMON JUICE, FRUIT JUICE, A HOST OF DIFFERENT OTHER MATTERS THAT ARE CERTAINLY INNOCENT ARE CAPABLE OF REGISTERING A POSITIVE SHOWING ON A PHENO TEST AND WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE IS YOU WILL HAVE, FOR EXAMPLE, A VIDEO PICTURE OF THE BATHROOM HONING IN ON THE DRAIN, AND DISSOLVING FROM THAT WILL BE A PHOTOGRAPH OF FUNG SHOWING A Q-TIP LEANING DOWN AT THE DRAIN PIPE AND A SIMILAR PRESENTATION OF A PHOTOGRAPH OF MR. FUNG LEANING DOWN AT THE BASIN IN THE BATHROOM. I THINK CONSISTENT WITH THE COURT'S EARLIER RULINGS THOSE TWO PHOTOGRAPHS OR ANY DEPICTIONS THAT SHOW THE PHENOTYPING THAT IS NOT CORROBORATED BY OTHER TESTING METHODOLOGY SHOULD NOT BE OFFERED IN THE OPENING STATEMENTS.

127 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. ARE THERE ANY OTHER OBJECTIONS TO THE PEOPLE'S EXHIBITS?

128 MR. DOUGLAS:

NO, YOUR HONOR.

129 THE COURT:

MISS CLARK?

130 MS. CLARK:

I UNDERSTAND THE COURT'S RULING TO BE THAT LUMINOL WOULD NOT BE ADMISSIBLE.

131 THE COURT:

THAT IS MY RECOLLECTION.

132 MS. CLARK:

THE PHENO TEST IS A DIFFERENT STORY. THAT HAS BEEN ADMISSIBLE FROM I CAN'T TELL HOW MANY YEARS AGO. IT IS LIMITED IN TERMS OF ITS VALUE OF WHAT BOTH SIDES CAN ARGUE. IT INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD. THAT IS ALL IT DOES. WE ARE NOT SAYING IT DOES ANY MORE THAN THAT. AND THE PHOTOGRAPHS THAT COUNSEL IS COMPLAINING OF ARE PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING THE PINK COLOR ON THE PHENO STICK THAT INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD IN TWO AREAS -- THREE AREAS ACTUALLY IN THE DEFENDANT'S BATHROOM.

133 THE COURT:

ARE THESE STILL PHOTOS -- EXCUSE ME, MISS CLARK. FORGIVE ME FOR INTERRUPTING YOU. ARE THESE STILL PHOTOS OR VIDEO?

134 MS. CLARK:

I THINK WE HAVE CUT OUT ALL OF THE VIDEO THAT WE WERE USING. THESE ARE STILL PHOTOGRAPHS THAT COUNSEL HAS HAD IN DISCOVERY FOR A VERY LONG TIME, MY UNDERSTANDING, SO IT REALLY PERTAINED TO LUMINOL AND NOT THE PHENO TEST. I THOUGHT THERE WOULD BE NO PROBLEM WITH THIS.

135 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, THE PROBLEM IS THAT 99 PERCENT OF ALL HOMES IN AMERICA, IF THERE WAS A PHENO TESTING ON THEIR SHOWER DRAINS OR BATHROOM BASINS WOULD REGISTER POSITIVE FOR THE PRESENCE SOME OF SORT OF BLOOD. AND THE PROBLEM IS IN THIS CASE THERE HAS NOT BEEN AND THERE WILL BE NOT, AS FAR AS I CURRENTLY AM AWARE, ANY SUPPLEMENT FOLLOW-UP TESTIMONY SUGGESTING THAT IN FACT BASED ON FURTHER TESTING OF BOTH THE SHOWER DRAIN AND FURTHER TESTING OF THE BATHROOM BASIN WE NOW BELIEVE THAT THERE WAS BLOOD THAT WAS RECENTLY WASHED DOWN THAT BASIN, AND THEREFORE, YOUR HONOR, YOU HAVE ANOTHER 352 PROBLEM. THEY ARE GOING TO SIMPLY TRAIPSE AROUND ON THE SCREEN THAT THERE IS A GENTLEMAN DOING A PHENOTYPE AND THEY ARE NOT GOING TO CORROBORATE THAT OR SUPPLEMENT THAT WITH OTHER TESTIMONY, EXPERT OR OTHERWISE, TO SHOW THAT AFTER THIS PHOTOGRAPH WAS TAKEN WE TOOK OUT THE PIPES, WE TESTED THE PIPES AND WE SAW IN FACT THAT THERE WAS BLOOD AND IN FACT THIS BLOOD IS RECENT BLOOD AND NOT BLOOD THAT WAS THERE FROM A DAY EARLIER OR A WEEK EARLIER OR A MONTH EARLIER. SO I THINK, YOUR HONOR, GIVEN ITS PRESENT FORM, IT IS TERRIBLY MISLEADING IN THE OPENING STATEMENT AND I WOULD URGE THE COURT TO EXCLUDE IT.

136 THE COURT:

MISS CLARK.

137 MS. CLARK:

WELL, YOUR HONOR, I WOULD NOT OBJECT TO GOING BACK TO COUNSEL'S HOUSE RIGHT NOW AND TESTING THE DRAINS TO SEE IF THAT IS POSSIBLE, BUT I DON'T THINK THAT EVERYONE'S HOUSE DRAINS WILL TEST POSITIVE FOR THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD AT ANY GIVEN TIME. HOWEVER, WE HAVE HEARD COUNSEL'S ARGUMENT. THAT IS THE LIMITATIONS OF THE TEST, HE IS CORRECT, THAT WE CANNOT SAY WHEN IT WAS DEPOSITED. HOWEVER, WHEN YOU HAVE TRACES OF THIS BLOOD AND THAT IS WHAT THERE WAS, THERE IS NO FURTHER TESTING THAT CAN BE DONE, THERE ISN'T THAT MUCH. IT WASHES DOWN WITH WATER. THAT IS THE PURPOSE OF WASHING IT DOWN THE DRAIN, IS TO WASH IT AWAY, SO THERE IS TRACES OF BLOOD IN THE SHOWER IN THE BATHROOM AND THERE WAS A TRACE OF BLOOD ON THE FLOOR AS WELL. COUNSEL'S ARGUMENT GOES TO THE WEIGHT AND NOT THE ADMISSIBILITY OF THIS EVIDENCE AND COUNSEL IS FULLY ENTITLED TO ARGUE EVERYTHING THAT HE JUST HAS TO THE JURY.

KEY QUOTE
138 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT.

139 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN DEFENSE COUNSEL.)
140 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, MY LEARNED COLLEAGUE, MR. UELMEN, REMINDED ME THAT A PHENO TEST IS THE SAME AS A LUMINOL TEST. IT IS A PRESUMPTIVE TEST. IT IS NOT A TEST THAT CORROBORATES THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD. AND SINCE IT IS A PRESUMPTIVE TEST, IT IS SUSCEPTIBLE TO ALL OF THE DANGERS OF MISINTERPRETATION THAT A LUMINOL TEST WOULD BE PROBLEMATIC WITH, AND THEREFORE, YOUR HONOR, BY ANALOGY, THE REASONING THAT THE COURT HAD HELD WITH THE LUMINOL TEST SHOULD HOLD FIRM FOR THE PHENO TEST. THERE WERE SOME AREAS, YOUR HONOR, WHERE THERE IS A PHENO TEST DONE OF BLOOD ON THE FOYER, TO WHICH I'M NOT OFFERING AN OBJECTION BECAUSE THERE WAS INDEPENDENT COLLECTION AND INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION OF THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD. NOT SO WITH THE BATHROOM DRAIN, NOT SO WITH THE BATHROOM BASIN. AND THEREFORE I AM LIMITING MY OBJECTION AT THIS PHASE TO THOSE TWO AREAS.

141 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. COUNSEL, THE PROBLEM WITH THE DILEMMA YOU PRESENT TO THE COURT IS THAT WE ARE TALKING ABOUT CONDUCTING ANOTHER 402 HEARING AS TO THIS ISSUE, WHICH I AM NOT INCLINED TO DO AT THIS POINT TODAY.

COUNSEL, MY INCLINATION IS TO DIRECT THE PROSECUTION NOT TO USE THOSE TWO ITEMS IN OPENING STATEMENT SUBJECT TO A 402 HEARING ON THE PHENO TESTING. ALL RIGHT. THAT'S THE COURT'S ORDER. ALL RIGHT. ANY OTHER SHOW AND TELL OBJECTIONS WE NEED TO RESOLVE?

142 (DISCUSSION HELD OFF THE RECORD BETWEEN THE DEPUTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.)
143 MR. DOUGLAS:

NONE BY THE DEFENSE, YOUR HONOR.

144 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. NOW, THE PROSECUTION INDICATES THAT THEY HAVE NOT HAD COMPLETE ACCESS TO YOUR EXHIBITS FOR OPENING STATEMENTS, MR. DOUGLAS. ARE THOSE EXHIBITS PRESENT IN COURT?

145 MR. DOUGLAS:

THEY ARE, YOUR HONOR.

146 THE COURT:

ALL OF THEM.

147 MR. DOUGLAS:

GRAPHICALLY AND IN BOARD FORM.

148 THE COURT:

ALL RIGHT. THEN I WOULD SUGGEST THAT IT WOULD PROBABLY BE A BETTER USE OF THE COURT'S TIME TO TAKE A BRIEF RECESS AND ALLOW COUNSEL TO LOOK AT THESE ITEMS AND THEN LODGE ANY SPECIFIC OBJECTIONS. ALL RIGHT. WE WILL STAND IN RECESS THEN FOR TWENTY MINUTES.

149 MS. CLARK:

THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR.

150 MR. DOUGLAS:

YOUR HONOR, CAN WE HAVE THE MONITOR PEOPLE TURN ON COUNSEL'S MONITORS SO THAT THEY CAN --

151 THE COURT:

YES.

152 MR. DOUGLAS:

CAN YOU TURN OFF THE FEED?

153 (RECESS.)

Temperature

tense

Key Quotes (4)

Marcia Clark
IF A DIAGRAM WAS AS GOOD AS A PHOTOGRAPH OR WAS THE SAME AS A PHOTOGRAPH, COUNSEL WOULDN'T OBJECT TO THE PHOTOGRAPHS. THE POINT IS THAT THE PEOPLE ARE TRYING TO EXPLAIN SOMETHING TO THE JURY AND WE NEED TO DO IT IN THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY POSSIBLE.
Clark openly acknowledges that photos are being used precisely because of their emotional impact — inadvertently validating the defense's concern.
Carl Douglas
THE REASON WHY THEY WANT TO SHOW THE PHOTOGRAPH IS TO -- IS TO GIVE SOME EMOTIONAL TEXTURE TO THE JURY, TO MR. SIMPSON'S DETRIMENT, AND I OBJECT TO THAT.
Core defense argument that graphic photos serve prejudicial rather than purely evidentiary purposes.
Carl Douglas
99 PERCENT OF ALL HOMES IN AMERICA, IF THERE WAS A PHENO TESTING ON THEIR SHOWER DRAINS OR BATHROOM BASINS WOULD REGISTER POSITIVE FOR THE PRESENCE SOME OF SORT OF BLOOD.
Key defense attack on the reliability of presumptive blood testing — a preview of scientific arguments to come throughout the trial.
Marcia Clark
I WOULD NOT OBJECT TO GOING BACK TO COUNSEL'S HOUSE RIGHT NOW AND TESTING THE DRAINS TO SEE IF THAT IS POSSIBLE, BUT I DON'T THINK THAT EVERYONE'S HOUSE DRAINS WILL TEST POSITIVE FOR THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD AT ANY GIVEN TIME.
Sharp rhetorical rejoinder to Douglas's 99-percent argument, landing as the proceeding's only light moment.

Evidence (7)

People's P-40
Crime scene photo of Nicole Brown Simpson taken from street level looking down walkway
Defense withdrew objection after seeing it in context of full series
People's P-35
Closer crime scene photo of Nicole Brown Simpson, view from above showing blood
Defense objected; objection overruled — court found distinct evidentiary perspective
People's P-113
Full-frame crime scene photo of Ronald Goldman — only Goldman depiction proposed
Defense withdrew objection after Clark confirmed it was the sole Goldman photograph
People's P-44
Photo of Nicole Brown Simpson from behind showing bloody shoeprints, blood pool, and envelope in proximity to body
Defense objected as cumulative with P-35; objection overruled — court noted different evidence depicted
People's P-417
Photograph of OJ Simpson's hand
No objection from defense
Informal
Photographs of criminalist Fung performing pheno (phenolphthalein) testing on Simpson bathroom shower drain and bathroom basin
Defense objected as presumptive-only, no corroborating follow-up testing; court excluded from opening statements pending 402 hearing
+ 1 more

Notable Exchanges (3)

Marcia ClarkCarl Douglas
Extended debate over whether crime scene photos are genuinely necessary or serve mainly to inflame the jury. Clark argued photos show spatial relationships between bodies and evidence that diagrams cannot capture; Douglas countered that diagrams exist and that the real purpose of photos is to generate emotional prejudice against Simpson.
strategic
Carl DouglasGerald Uelmen
Mid-argument, Uelmen whispered to Douglas that a pheno test is functionally equivalent to a luminol test (also a presumptive test), giving Douglas a new angle to press for exclusion by analogy to the court's prior luminol ruling.
strategic
Marcia ClarkLance A. Ito
Clark complained that Douglas had sandbagged the prosecution by adding roughly twenty exhibits beyond what was shown Saturday, violating the spirit of the pre-trial exhibit exchange. Ito acknowledged the concern and ordered a 20-minute recess for the prosecution to review defense boards.
tense

Light Moments (2)

Lance A. Ito
Judge predicted Clark would burn through the morning just warming up: 'I HAVE THE FEELING, MISS CLARK, THAT YOU WILL GET US TO THE LUNCH HOUR JUST WARMING UP.'
Marcia Clark
In response to Douglas's claim that 99% of American homes would test positive for blood in their drains, Clark offered: 'I WOULD NOT OBJECT TO GOING BACK TO COUNSEL'S HOUSE RIGHT NOW AND TESTING THE DRAINS.'

Credibility Attacks (1)

⚔ Pheno test methodology
Scientific reliability challenge
Douglas, prompted by Uelmen, argued that phenolphthalein is a presumptive-only test susceptible to false positives from hairspray, lemon juice, and fruit juice, and that without corroborating confirmatory testing of the bathroom drain and basin, the photos would be misleading to the jury.

Objections

5 objections (1 sustained, 2 overruled)
Proceeding 4407 • 153 utterances
Criminal Trial
Department 103
⚖️ Start
📂 JAN 23, 1995 📄 Motion: opening statement exhi
JAN 23, 1995 KRT DvH TD